Wednesday March 7th Learning Intention: Mexican War Success Criteria: I can list the causes and the consequences of the Mexican War I can explain the controversy over the Rio Grande boundary I know who Zachary Taylor and Winfield Scott are. I can explain the Mexican Cession and the Wilmot Proviso. Warm- Up: Write down 2 things you learned yesterday (1 from your group and 1 from a different group). In case you forgot…We discussed Florida, Iowa, and Texas. 8.62 Describe the causes, course, and consequences of the Mexican War, including the controversy over the Rio Grande boundary, the roles played by Zachary Taylor and Winfield Scott, the Mexican Cession and the Wilmot Proviso.

Texas March, 1845- Congress approves annexation June- Republic of TX agrees December- TX is U.S. territory, angers Mexican govt. “stolen province”

Causes and effects of The U.S.-Mexican War. Annexation of Texas by the U.S. angered the Mexican Government.  Mexico never acknowledged Texas as independent and felt the U.S. had no right to take its territory.  Mexico also did not acknowledge the Treaty of Velasco which set the southern border of Texas as the Rio Grande. EFFECTS Coming soon

War with Mexico: Read pages 360-364 Group 1: Be prepared to act out/demonstrate the information (The New Mexico Territory & California’s Spanish Culture). Also, each member will share an important fact . Group 2: Be prepared to draw and explain the information (The New Mexico Territory & California’s Spanish Culture). Also, pick THREE important facts to share. Group 3: Be prepared to act out/demonstrate the information (Conflict Begins: A War Plan, California Uprising, and Peace Terms). Also, each member will share an important fact. Group 4: Be prepared to draw and explain the information (Conflict Begins: A War Plan, California Uprising, and Peace Terms). THREE facts.

After each group presents then we should ALL be able to answer these questions… What was New Mexico territory (be specific) and what was the best way to get to this area? Who owned California and why did Americans want it? What caused a disagreement between the two nations? How did Polk plan to get California and New Mexico (be specific: money, goals/plan, etc.) Who was Zachary Taylor? Who was Winfield Scott? What was the Bear Flag Revolt? What ended the war with Mexico? What was gained?

New Mexico Territory Between TX, CA- future NM, AZ, NV, UT, parts of CO, WY Santa Fe Trail- most popular route from U.S. to NM Territory

California Owned by Mexico very far from central govt. American traders, settlers begin to arrive U.S. wants to buy CA and NM for $30M Mexico Refuses Pres. Polk tries to gain through war instead

Border Dispute Polk sends General Zachary Taylor w/an army to disputed area Mexico: border should be at Nueces R. U.S.: Border should be at Rio Grande R.

American Blood…On American Soil? General Taylor makes camp by Rio Grande across from Mexican forces Mex. tell Taylor to leave, Taylor refuses Armies clash, several Americans killed President Polk’s speech to Congress: “Mexico has passed the boundary of the United States, has invaded our territory, and shed American blood upon the American soil…The two nations are now at war.”

War Plan 3 Steps Taylor wins battles south of Nueces River Drive Mexican Forces out of Texas Capture NM and CA Invade Mexico and capture capital Taylor wins battles south of Nueces River Gen. Stephen Kearney moves troops down Santa Fe Trail Captures NM capital at Santa Fe

Back in California June 14, 1846- Americans in CA want independence, seize control of local govt. Bear Flag Revolt- Americans declare CA independent nation U.S. Navy arrives 3 weeks later, claims CA for United States

California Republic June 1846-July 1846 John C. Fremont U.S. Army Captain Wanted Independent CA Made it easier for U.S. to claim Bear Flag Republic Part adopted as state flag

Battles Feb. 1847- Buena Vista Taylor drives deep into Mexico Close battle, Mex. Army retreats Mar. 29- Veracruz(strongest Mex. Fortress) 88-hour artillery attack, fortress falls Americans move on to Mexico City Sept. 14- Mexico City falls Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ends the war

Getting a “Leg Up” on Santa Anna https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ui3oAzVl_3g

Mexican Cession In the treaty, Mexico gives up present-day CA, NV, UT, most of AZ, NM, CO, and WY for $15M Total: 500,000 square miles

The Gadsden Purchase Dec. 1853- U.S. pays $10M for southern parts of AZ and NM Southern railroad to California

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8U9vbZwFZL4 Causes and effects of The U.S.-Mexican War. EFFECT Victory in the Mexican War and  gold in California fed into the expansionists goals of Manifest Destiny. The war also highlighted growing differences between the North and South and set the stage for future conflict. As a result of the loss, Mexico was forced to sign the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo CAUSES Annexation of Texas by the U.S. angered the Mexican Government.  Mexico never acknowledged Texas as independent and felt the U.S. had no right to take its territory.  Mexico also did not acknowledge the Treaty of Velasco which set the southern border of Texas as the Rio Grande.

EXIT TICKET List 5 facts that you learned today about the Mexican War.

5 of the 10 things I should KNOW about the Mexican-American War. 1. Some of the causes of the war was the annexation of ________ and some border disputes. 2. The U.S. wanted to buy CA and NM for $30 million, but __________ (country) refused. So, President Polk planned to gain them through _________. 3. There was a border dispute because the U.S. said the border should be at the _______________ and Mexico said the border was at the ______________. 4. Polk sent General _______________ to the disputed area. 5. The president planned to defeat Mexico by accomplishing the following three goals: driving the Mexican forces out of ____________, seizing New Mexico and ___________, and advancing in Mexico to capture ______________.

The other 5 things I should KNOW about the Mexican-American War. 6. The _______________ was a revolt when American settlers in California declared the territory an independent republic. 7. _________________ and his troops were sent to attack Mexico City. After landing and completing an 88-hour artillery attack on the strongest fortress in Mexico (Veracruz), they headed over to capture the capital (Mexico City). 8. The _______________________ ended the Mexican War and gave the U.S. much of Mexico’s northern Territory. 9. In the treaty (February 1848), Mexico gives up present-day CA, NV, UT, most of AZ, NM, CO, and WY for $_______________. This was known as the Mexican Cession, and it increased the U.S. by almost 25%. With the Gadsden Purchase (December 1853), the U.S. paid Mexico $10 million for the southern parts of what is now AZ and NM. 10. Effects of the war… Victory in the Mexican War and gold in California fed into the expansionists goals of ____________ (belief that the U.S. should expand to Pacific Ocean). The war also highlighted growing differences between the North and South and set the stage for future conflict. As a result of the loss, Mexico was forced to sign the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo