Changes at the edge of HIC cities LO – To understand what is happening at the urban fringe of many HIC cities

New housing developments on greenfield sites

Growth of retail (shopping) parks

Growth of new business parks

Science, technology and research parks

New industrial sites

Key questions: What is the urban fringe? Define the terms ‘greenfield’ and ‘brownfield’ site Why have new housing estates developed on the urban fringe? What is an out-of-town retail park? Why has the number of these parks increased in many HIC cities Why have new industrial estates moved to the edge of cities What are business and science parks? Why is the urban fringe a more favourable area for these industries?

Case Study: Development on the urban fringe of Southampton, UK LO – To understand what and how Southampton’s urban fringe has been developed in recent years Southampton

Task 1: Reading for understanding Read the case study information from the textbook and use it to extract key case study information to fill in your sheet Southampton

The Greenfield/Brownfield debate… Which is better to build on? LO – To appreciate the advantages and disadvantages of building on greenfield and brownfield sites.

The Greenfield/Brownfield debate… Which is better to build on? Brownfield site: An area that has previously been built on, and can now be redeveloped Greenfield site: An area of land that has never previously been built on

Advantages/Disadvantages Valuable farm land may be lost Usually more space available Healthier and more attractive environment Wildlife may lose habitat Encourages urban sprawl No pre-existing design so new development can be any style Cost of installing new infrastructure such as roads and electricity line No need to waste time and money on cleaning up the site

Advantages/Disadvantages Can be expensive to clear and demolish old buildings Improves the appearance of old buildings/areas Roads, electricity, water pipes already there, so reduces cost May be surrounded by less desirable environment Closer to main areas of employment Busy roads make development more challenging Reduces urban sprawl and loss of surrounding countryside Old industrial sites could be contaminated.