In the name of God.

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Presentation transcript:

In the name of God

Family health department women’s health national program برنامه کشوری مدیریت سلامت زنان در دوران یائسگی Dr. Motahareh Allameh Midlife health office Family health department MOHME

New approaches in health program Age group based Demographic transition life expectancy Ageing process Midlife and elderly importance Gender based Epidemiologic transition NCD Premature death/mortality,morbidity Holistic/Integration Health oriented/prevention Self care

Effects of the sex steroids Potential Causes of Sex-Based Differences in Normal Physiology and Disease Societal Lifestyle/behavior Environmental Healthcare Genetic Linked to x- or y-chromosome Effects of the sex steroids Androgens, Estrogens, Progestins All present in both male and female Estrogens & androgens physiologically important in both males and females Sex Hormones and Life Stages APS 2012 Refresher Course

Differences in Body Composition and Structure Well-known differences: in comparison with women, males have Greater bone mass Greater muscle mass Lower percent body fat Males and females also have structural differences in organs Heart Brain Gastrointestinal system and more... APS 2012 Refresher Course

Middle aged women population In IRAN-Census – Demographic - 1390 (2012) Age group Men Women Total 30-44 8852440 8597251 17449691 45-59 5119085 5118923 10238008 13971525 13716174 27687699

Midlife importance Population Reproductive age : Biologic and economic Mortality and morbidity effect on society and health system Mortality and morbidity effect on family Center of social learning network Behavioral model in family as parents Health manager and care giver for family member SDG/NCD Population window-1425

Importance Premature death30-70 WHO- The urgent need for action-25-25 SDG: Good Health & Well-Being Goal3- by 2030: Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages Premature death30-70 WHO- The urgent need for action-25-25

A global problem:NCD,risk factors In 2004 there were 59 million deaths world-wide Non-communicable diseases accounted for 60% of these deaths and injuries and violence 10%. By 2020 it is estimated that non-communicable disease will account for 73% of all deaths

Some non-communicable diseases have infectious etiology

میزان مرگ زنان و مردان30 تا 70 سال کشور به تفکیک ده علت اول مرگ - 1390 اولین علت مرگ مردان و زنان کشور بیماری قلبی عروقی است که اهمیت عوامل خطر ابتلا به بیماری قلبی عروقی و کنترل آنها را گوشزد می کند. همانقدر که مردان از حوادث جان می بازند زنان به علت سرطانها از دست می روند. پدیده ای که بیش از 4 برابر مرگ مادر، جان زنان رامی گیرد ونمی توان به آن بی اعتنا ماند. حوادث همچنان جایگاه مهمی در مرگ مردان کشور دارد علتی که در کوتاه مدت و بامداخلات آسانتری به طور قابل ملاحظه ا می تواند میزان مرگ میانسالان را کاهش دهد.

علل مرگ با توجه به اطلاعات سیمای مرگ از 85511 واقعه مرگ در گروه سنی 30 تا 70 سال کشور در سال نود، 60412 مورد یعنی 70 درصد آن به 4 بیماری اصلی غیرواگیر( قلبی عروقی، سرطانها، دیابت، تنفسی) اختصاص دارد . این میزان در زنان 78.7 و در مردان 65.9 درصد می باشد. اگر مرگ ناشی از حوادث غیر عمد و اختلال مصرف مواد به علل فوق اضافه شود، 6 علت فوق بالغ بر 87 درصد از کل مرگها را به خود اختصاص می دهد وهمانطور که ملاحظه می شود بیماریهای تنفسی، دیابت و اختلال مصرف مواد از سه علت اول مرگ ( قلبی عروقی، سرطانها و حوادث) فاصله زیادی دارند. 87 درصد

Sex-Based Differences in Heart Disease Leading cause of death in men and women Heart disease starts 10 years later in women than men Stroke more common in women than men Multiple sex-based differences in co-morbidities, symptoms, progression, outcomes APS 2012 Refresher Course

Diseases that occur more frequently in women than in men: Osteoporosis 80% of patients with osteoporosis are women Autoimmune Disease ~3-fold more common in women than men Depression 2-3 times more common in women than men Possibly linked to lower production of serotonin in women Sex-based differences also present in incidence and expression of schizophrenia, post-traumatic stress disorder, panic disorder, other mental illnesses

Midlife Health priorities -Iran Mortality,Burden(YLL) Cardiovascular and risk factors Cancers Accidents Morbidity,Burden( YLD) Mental Musculoskeletal Menopause

Burden of 21 disease and disorders in females in all ages in IRAN يائسگي(گرگرفتگي و واژينيت آتروفيك)

Burden of 21 disease and disorders in 45-59 years old male and female in IRAN

Menopause is In 10 first causes for burden of disease in Iran 44-60 years old 17th causes of burden in all ages and both genders

و سن منوپوز سن منوپوز طی سالهای طولانی تغییر زیادی نداشته است متوسط سن منوپوز:51/4 (58-42 سال)90% درسالهای اولیه دهه پنجم زندگی منوپوز زودرس premature menopause 1%: <40y منوپوز زود هنگام early menopause 10%:<46y ایران یک سوم سالهای عمر افزایش جمعیت زنان در سالهای منوپوز و پس از منو پوز5118923 Perimenopause: شروع تغییرات سیکل قاعدگی تا 12 ماه بعد از FMPمتوسط طول مدت دوره یائسگی :5 سال (8-2 سال ) - کلیماتریک

مشکلات سلامت دوران یائسگی علائم جسمانی : اختلال وازوموتور، اختلال قاعدگی ، اختلال خواب ، اختلالات اوروژنیتال ، سایر ( درد پستان ، سردرد میگرنی ، تغییرات پوست ، دردهای مفصلی ) علائم روحی و روانی : اختلالات خلقی و اضطرابی ، تحریک پذیری ،خستگی و احساس کاهش انرژی ،کاهش تمرکز ، کاهش تمایلات جنسی ،سردرد، اختلال خواب،بحران میانسالی عوارض :استئو پروزیس ،قلبی عروقی، استئوپروز، اوروژنیتال بیماریهای همراه و همزمان :فشارخون بالا، چاقی ، چربی خون ، دیابت، سرطانها

بحران میانسالی Midlife crisis تغییرات جسمی میانسالی وافت تدریجی عملکرد فیزیولوژیک ارگانهای بدن (یائسگی:47-53 سالگی) احساس فناپذیری حیات تغییر نیازهای عاطفی و روانی حجم وسیع وظایف وتعهدات نسبت به خانواده وجامعه از دست دادن کار تعهدات مالی واقتصادی سنگین بیماریهای مهم جدایی به هر دلیل، یک بحران مهم در زندگی :مرگ والدین وبزرگترها و دور شدن فرزندان وعزیزان(Empty nest Syndrome) ارزیابی مجدد و بازنگری تصمیمات گذشته در باره خانواده ، کار،تحصیل و ازدواج و ارتباطات گذشته

% of deaths aged 35-69 years attributable to smoking in 2000 Men Women Belarus 33% 0% Russia 3% Ukraine 32% Central Asia (8) 23% 4% Estonia 31% Latvia 30% 2% Lithuania 29% United Kingdom 25% 21% Germany 11% http://www.deathsfromsmoking.net/ Source : http://www.deathsfromsmoking.net/

Risk of myocardial infarction increases with every single cigarette smoked per day INTERHEART study 52 countries 12 461 cases, 14 637 controls Odds Ratio of Myocardial Infarction Never 1-2 3-4 5-6 7-8 9-10 11-12 13-14 15-16 17-18 19-20 >=21 Number of cigarettes smoked per day Source : K. K. Teo et al Tobacco use and risk of myocardial infarction in 52 countries in the INTERHEART study Lancet 368 (9536):647-658, 2006.

Giving up smoking reduces risk

Physical Activity Results for adults aged 15-64 years (incl. 95% CI) (adjust if necessary) Both Sexes Males Females Percentage with low levels of activity (defined as <600 MET-minutes/week) 35.21 24.32 46.36 Median time spent in work-related physical activity per day (minutes) 5.71 21.42 Median time spent in transport-related physical activity per day (minutes) 15 20 12.85

Fruit and Vegetable Consumption Results for adults aged 15-64 years (incl. 95% CI) (adjust if necessary) Both Sexes Males Females Mean number of servings of fruit consumed per day 1.40 Mean number of servings of vegetables consumed per day 1.34 1.45 Percentage who ate 5 or more combined servings of fruit & vegetables per day 12.98 12.08 13.91

Risk factors control % DALYs 5.9 4.7 4.1 3.8 3.2 2.6 2.4 2.3 2.2 Disease 6.2 5.0 4.O 3.1 2.7 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.7 Risk factors Unipolar &depressive disorders Alcohol Cerebrovascular disease HTN Lower respiratory infections Tobacco Road traffic injury Underweight Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Overweight Ischemic heart disease Cholesterol Birth asphyxia/trauma Low fruit &vegetable intake Tuberculosis Indoor smoke from solid fuels Alcohol use disorders Iron deficiency Deafness Unsafewater,sanitation,hygiene

Comprehensive Contents in SABA service package Healthy life style as core component (Nutrition, physical activity, tobacco cessation) Reproductive health (menopause sings & symptoms, sexual dysfunction, women cancers, euro genital disorders, AUB) General health (Risk factor control, prevention of disease, early detection, screening of prevalent and important disease in middle aged women)(cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, psychosocial, euro genital) Self care: for all aspects including self assessment, risk assessment and improve conditions Management: Routine data management,education, monitoring /evaluation

E:ريسك فاكتورهاي متعدد درمعرض خطراستئوپروزو شكستگي ناشي ازآن: A:سابقه شكستگي با ضربه خفیف ،وجودشواهدشكستگي استئو پوروتيك ( شكستگي بدون علامت در گرافي نيمرخ مهره يا كاهش دانسيته در راديوگرافي هاي قبلي، كاهش قد،پيدايش كيفوزيس ) ،،مصرف كورتيكواستروييد بيش از سه ماه متوالي B: يائسگي ز ود رس ، سابقه فاميلي كيفوز يا كوتا ه شد ن قد وشكستگي بخصوص در مادر،استئو پني در X-Ray ،افتادن مكرر به هر دليل، :Cآمنوره طولاني قبل از يائسگي، كمبود دريا فت كلسيم دررژيم غذايي ، سوء جذب ، فعاليت فيزيكي نا كافي ، استعمال دخانيات ،الكليسم،مصرف ديگر داروهاي پر خطربجز کورتیکواستروئید، وجود بيماري زمينه اي مرتبط با استئو پورزيس ، پايين بودن BMI D:بدون ريسك فاكتور E:ريسك فاكتورهاي متعدد درصورت وجود دو فاكتور B یا یك فاكتور B+ دو فاكتور C بهتر است بیمار جهت انجام دانسیتومتری ارجاع شود . در صورتی كه امكان انجام این كار وجود نداشته باشد ، درمان استئو پورزیس انجام گیر. ریسكهای گروه C بد ه تنهایی یا با هم نیاز به اقدام درمانی ندارد و اقدامات پیشگیری و پیگیری كافی است . در مورد سنگ ادراری + ریسك فاكتورهای گروه A : به دلیل احتمال ثانویه بودن بیماری ، بیمار به سطح بالا تر ارجاع گردد .   38

Vit d insuf,def

غربالگری سرطان دهانه رحم

Life style mental health Hrt phyto es colorectal Next: pelvic - sd

Midlife self care program National model Self assessment tools(25) Site Mobile app

http://mwselfcare.behdasht.gov.ir

Tomorrow is late, take women’s health seriously

Thank you for your attention! In The Name of God Thank you for your attention!