Opening Activity What are the three states of matter and how does the molecular motion vary in each?

Layers of the Earth

Crust 1st layer of the Earth 10 miles deep Made of rock and loose materials

Types of Crust Continental Oceanic Thicker All land on Earth and shallow seabeds Oceanic Under the ocean floor Dense rock, mostly basaltic

Mantle Hot Rock Has two layers Makes up 85% of the Earth’s mass. Lithosphere Asthenosphere Makes up 85% of the Earth’s mass. Asthenosphere: bottom layer made of plastic like fluid Lithosphere: made of cold dense rock 3000 degrees celcius

Lithosphere Uppermost part of the mantle Strong, hard and rigid

Outer Core Magma like liquid layer. Inner core’s heat causes the Outer core to be liquid because it is so hot Second Largest Layer Scientists believe the movement of the molten metal causes the Earth’s Magnetic Field

Inner Core The innermost layer Hottest temperature, most density and the most pressure. Mostly Iron and Nickel 4,000 and 5,00 degrees Celcius

Earth’s Magnetic Field Protects the Earth from solar flares, Causes the poles

Heat Transfer Thermal energy transferred from a hotter object to a cooler one. Convection Conduction Radiation

Convection Transfer of heat by the movement of fluid Occurs in liquids and gases Circular motion

Conduction Transfer of heat between two substances in direct contact Works well in some solids (metals)

Radiation Transfer of heat energy by electromagnetic waves Felt as heat