Lon-Capa 6th HW assignment due Friday, 11/4, 5 pm. It is open now. 5th Quiz due Sunday, 11/13 by 10 pm. It will open Friday, 11/11 at 5 pm.

Text HW Finish Chapter 12. Begin Chapter 13. Consult new Suggested Text Homework PDF.

Some “Big” Questions Why do some ions have specific charges in ionic compounds? Why are some substances solids, some liquids, and some gases at the same conditions of temperature and pressure? Why do some substances mix? Why don’t all of them?

The Answer to Life, the Universe, and Everything… Second Law of Thermodynamics: Increase in Entropy

Overall goal: Atomic Structure Chemical Bonding 3D Molecular Structure Molecular Properties

Clicker Question Consider different “sodium particles” (atom or ions) in separate evacuated containers. Which of the following sodium species is lowest in energy? a) Na b) Na+ c) Na2+ d) Na e) Na2

Clicker Question Consider different “oxygen particles” (atom or ions) in separate evacuated containers. Which of the following oxygen species is lowest in energy? a) O b) O+ c) O2+ d) O e) O2

Clicker Question Consider different “oxygen particles” (atom or ions) in separate evacuated containers. Which of the following oxygen species is second lowest in energy? a) O b) O+ c) O2+ d) O e) O2

Arranged by Reactivity