The Moon Distance from Earth ~235,000 miles

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Presentation transcript:

The Moon Distance from Earth ~235,000 miles Diameter ~2,200 miles or ¼ Earth’s diameter Daytime temp ~250F Nighttime temp ~ -250F No atmosphere Reduced gravity – 1/6 Earth’s No water, except maybe some ice in craters at poles

Moon’s Revolution & Rotation Revolves around the Earth every 27.3 days Rotates on its axis once every 27.3 days (synchronous rotation) Same side always faces the Earth

Moon's Revolution and Phases

Moon’s Origin About 4.5 billion years ago, a Mars-sized planetoid collides with the infant Earth. Material from the collision blasted into orbit forms the Moon. Called the Collisional Ejection or Giant Impact Theory

Moon’s Origin - Evidence Isotopes of oxygen in moon rocks exactly match Earth rocks (formed from same material) Moon’s iron deficiency – iron core of impactor merged with Earth’s core Moon rocks lack volatile compounds – indicate the Moon’s surface was entirely molten No other theory is as good

Highlands Light colored areas are the highlands cratered, mountainous solidified about 4 billion years ago.

Maria Dark-colored areas are the maria, smooth, few craters, solidified about 3 – 3.3 billion years ago. Impact basins

On-Going Cratering Rocks and comets collide with the Moon, vaporizing on impact. Expanding gases blast out a crater. Central peak forms where rock rebounds from explosion

The Far Side of the Moon Mostly Highlands Craters mostly given Russian names, since USSR first photographed the far side in 1959. Sorry Pink Floyd – the is no permanently Dark Side of the Moon – all parts of the Moon receive sunlight, except perhaps crater floors near the poles.

Near Side Far Side

Tides Mostly due to Moon’s gravitational pull on Earth’s oceans Inertia produces high tide on Earth opposite the Moon Ideally, there are 2 high and 2 low tides every 24 hrs 50 min the Sun also plays a role, though not as significant as the moon

Neap Tides Occur when Sun, Earth, and Moon are at right angles 1st and 3rd Quarter Phases Sun and Moon work against each other Lower HIGH tides, and higher LOW tides.

Spring Tides Sun and Moon work together Higher HIGH tides Lower LOW tides Full and New Phases

Effects of Tides The days are getting longer – 0.015 s longer every 100 years About 65,000,000 years ago, when dinos were last roaming the Earth, a day was only about 21 hrs and 15 minutes long! The Moon is getting farther from the Earth ~ 3 cm/yr

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