Why Civil Rights Needed a Movement The decision in Brown v. Board of Education was just the beginning of the Movement.

The Civil Rights Movement was a prolonged struggle for two main reasons: -Segregationists were committed to keeping the legal, social and societal status quo which segregation had achieved for a century. -Activists and African-Americans were tired of the oppression and committed to change.

The Beginning of a Movement Brown v. Board of Education became a federal government statement on the impact of segregation. Southerners Responded: Reading 1: Judge Brady and his Black Monday Speech. What were the fears of segregationists?

De jure Segregation All passenger stations in this state operated by any motor transportation company shall have separate waiting rooms or space and separate ticket windows for the white and colored races. (Alabama) No colored barber shall serve as a barber [to] white women or girls. (Georgia) The officer in charge shall not bury, or allow to be buried, any colored persons upon ground set apart or used for the burial of white persons. (Georgia) All persons licensed to conduct the business of selling beer or wine...shall serve either white people exclusively or colored people exclusively and shall not sell to the two races within the same room at any time. (Louisiana)

Eisenhower: “We are a nation of laws not men” Reading 2 Why is Eisenhower’s statement not enough?

What is the significance of the mob at Central High School? Reading #3

Gaining the Right to Sit Movement Strategy Segregationist Reaction Bus Boycotts Lunch-counter sit-ins Freedom Rides Boycotts of White-owned Businesses Violence Lack of Law enforcement protection for demonstrators Local governments “protecting” business interests.

What is the impact of the boycotts? Strategy: Boycotts Reading #4 What is the impact of the boycotts? (End Part I)