Edward D. Siew, Andrew Davenport  Kidney International 

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The growth of acute kidney injury: a rising tide or just closer attention to detail?  Edward D. Siew, Andrew Davenport  Kidney International  Volume 87, Issue 1, Pages 46-61 (January 2015) DOI: 10.1038/ki.2014.293 Copyright © 2015 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Temporal trends in the hospital-based and population-based incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI). (a) Hospital-based incidence in AKI among elderly (aged >65 years) Medicare beneficiaries using administrative codes (USA).6 (b, c) Community-based incidence of nondialysis- and dialysis-requiring AKI in Northern California (USA) using administrative codes and creatinine-based definitions,9 respectively. (d) Population incidence of dialysis-requiring AKI using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample and US Census data.32 ARF, acute renal failure. Kidney International 2015 87, 46-61DOI: (10.1038/ki.2014.293) Copyright © 2015 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Temporal trends in sepsis and heart failure hospitalizations. National US trends of hospital discharges for (a) sepsis using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (USA)66 and (b) congestive heart failure using the National Hospital Discharge Survey (USA).52 Kidney International 2015 87, 46-61DOI: (10.1038/ki.2014.293) Copyright © 2015 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Temporal trends in MI and surgery associated acute kidney injury (AKI). Temporal trends in the incidence of dialysis-requiring AKI during hospitalization for (a) acute myocardial infarction in the United States73 and (b) major surgery in Ontario, Canada.10 Kidney International 2015 87, 46-61DOI: (10.1038/ki.2014.293) Copyright © 2015 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Proposed framework by the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative (ADQI) for evaluating acute kidney injury (AKI) using both functional and damage markers simultaneously.121,123 Kidney International 2015 87, 46-61DOI: (10.1038/ki.2014.293) Copyright © 2015 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions