Industrial Revolution

Industrial Revolution The IR is when people stopped making stuff at home and started making stuff in factories. Industrial Revolution

Cottage Industry

Factory system

Origins – Why England? Factories in England Government favored trade Laissez faire- Free capitalism or the government had little part in the Economy. Large middle class and working poor. geography (a lot of rivers) Everyone lived within 20 miles of navigable river Tradition of experimental science

Capitalism Imagine you are entrepreneurs or risk takers in a Capitalist economy. Your Job- Create an idea for a business or product that you can sell to make a profit. Describe it on a sheet of notebook paper. The best ideas will be rewarded just like they would be in a capitalist economy.

Cotton gin Eli Whitney’s cotton gin removed the seeds out of raw cotton.

Steam Engine Watt’s’s steam engine was not just a transportation device. It ran entire factories the way rivers used to. Steamboats and railroads will improve transportation

Steam engine

Railroads

Canals Canals are manmade waterways dug between 2 large bodies of water. The Erie Canal was a short cut from the Atlantic Ocean to the Great Lakes.

Erie Canal 1825

Panama Canal The Panama Canal was a shortcut from the Atlantic to the Pacific (or backwards).

Panama Canal

Telegraph Samuel Morse invented the telegraph. It communicated using a series of beeps (Morse code).

telephone Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone.

Robber Barons Andrew Carnegie owned US Steel.

Robber Barons John D. Rockefeller owned the railroads and the oil industries

Monopoly Carnegie and Rockefeller ran their competition out of business. A monopoly is when one company controls the entire industry.

Thomas Edison The light bulb allowed factories to work at night.

Edison’s inventions Motion picture camera

Phonograph

1906

Industrial efficiency Henry Ford learned that the less people had to move, the faster they would work.

Ford’s assembly line

The first cars were very expensive.

Model T The Model T was the first car that middle class people could afford. The assembly line lowered the cost of the Model T from $825 to $300.

Life in the Industrial Age Overpopulated cities Pollution Unsafe and unsanitary working conditions. (Child Labor)

Rate the following inventions Assembly line Telephone Cotton Gin Light bulb Motion picture camera Phonograph Steam engine Airplane (Wright Brothers) Next, name the inventor of each