Video Processing - Introduction

A film history The Lumière brothers, Auguste Marie Louis Nicolas (19 October 1862 – 10 April 1954) and Louis Jean (5 October 1864 – 6 June 1948), were the first filmmakers in history. They patented the cinematograph, which in contrast to Edison's "peepshow" kinetoscope allowed simultaneous viewing by multiple parties. Their first film Sortie de l'usine Lumière de Lyon' (1895) is considered the "first true motion picture.„ Lumiere brother's First Films

A film history The public debut at the Grand Café came a few months later and consisted of the following ten short films (in order of presentation):[12] La Sortie de l'Usine Lumière à Lyon (literally, "the exit from the Lumière factory in Lyon", or, under its more common English title, Workers Leaving the Lumiere Factory), 46 seconds Le Jardinier (l'Arroseur Arrosé) ("The Gardener", or "The Sprinkler Sprinkled"), 49 seconds Le Débarquement du Congrès de Photographie à Lyon ("the disembarkment of the Congress of Photographers in Lyon"), 48 seconds La Voltige ("Horse Trick Riders"), 46 seconds La Pêche aux poissons rouges ("fishing for goldfish"), 42 seconds Les Forgerons ("Blacksmiths"), 49 seconds Repas de bébé ("Baby's Breakfast" (lit. "baby's meal")), 41 seconds Le Saut à la couverture ("Jumping Onto the Blanket"), 41 seconds La Places des Cordeliers à Lyon ("Cordeliers Square in Lyon"—a street scene), 44 seconds La Mer (Baignade en mer) ("the sea [bathing in the sea]"), 38 seconds

A film history Example 1 – A trip to the moon https://https://youtu.be/_FrdVdKlxUk?t=332/_FrdVdKlxUk?t=332 Example 2 https://youtu.be/yI8lrvKLzg0?t=202

How is a video created? Pre-production: Production Postproduction Script or writing a screenplay Script visualisation or redrawing it on a „storyboard“ Schedule for making/shooting the film Production Postproduction

What is the most basic part of a movie or animation? One FRAME

Norms and Standards: Kind of video Frames per second Movie 24 Video - PAL a SECAM 25 Video - NTSC 29,97 Web nebo CD-ROM 15 Other, e.g. 3D animation 30

Interlaced video

Progressive-scan, deinterlace Opposite – field-rendering

Frame size ratio

If a pixel isn‘t square …

Frame size - resolution NTSC – 720 x 480, it is 345 600 pixels PAL – 720 x 576, tj. 414 720 pixels There are many TV programs in HD resolution!

Frame size – HD resolution 1280 x 720 HD Ready (720p) TV (1366 x 768) 1920 x 1080 Full HD (1080i, 1080p) TV (1920 x 1080)

Frame size – HD resolution

HD resolution – what about the future? !!! Ultra HD !!! 4K television (3 840 x 2 160 tj. 8 Mpx) 8 K television (7 680 x 4 320, tj. 32 Mpx).

Overscan and safety zone Action – 10 % Subtitles - 20 %

Responsible video parameters Frame size - resolution Frame size - ratio Frame rate Data rate Constant data rate Variable data rate

How can I make a movie? Shoot a film (movie) Render (cartoon, morphing, warphing) Stop-motion (stop-animation) method Fast-motion method Slow-motion method Reverse-motion method