Chapter 8: Covalent Bonding

8-1 The Comvalent Bond Why do atoms bond? Atoms bond to fill valence shells with electrons and become stable. A Covalent bond is a sharing of electrons between two ‘non-metals’ to gain stability. Good examples are the diatomic elements: N2 , O2 , F2 , Cl2 , Br2, I2 and H2 Learn these… when they occur without other elements, they occur as a pair.

Single Covalent Bonds Br, H, Cl, I, and F are examples of diatomic elements that bond with covalent single bonds.

Covalent Double Bonds If one shared pair does not fill the valence shell, atoms share a second electron.

Triple Covalent Bonds If atoms cannot fill their valence shells with 2 covalent bonds, they can make up to triple bonds. (No more than triple, though.)

Models of Covalent Bonding Lewis Dot diagrams Structural diagrams and space-filling-3D models. Structural dot diagrams

Chapter 8 Vocabulary