Energy Pyramid A consumer eats another organism to obtain ________. It gets only ________ by doing this. 90% Given off 10% 90% Given off 10% 90% Given off 10% 1% 99% Given off

Population Growth Two Types: Exponential Growth Occurs when organisms are provided with ideal conditions for growth and reproduction Causes very fast growth If nothing stops population from growing, it grows faster and faster! Logistic Growth Naturally controlled growth

Exponential Growth Gets steeper and steeper over time!

Logistic Growth (real way) Begins like exponential Line levels out because birth and death rates even out.

Population Graphs If the population of predators increases, what happens to the population of prey? 2 different species of bird (woodpeckers and bluejays) live in the same tree. If you increase the population of woodpeckers by 50%, how will this affect the bluejay population?

Fox vs. Rabbits What would you expect to happen to the fox and rabbit populations if coyotes were introduced into the environment?

Water Cycle

Nitrogen Cycle

Primary Succession Pioneer species Primary Succession follows the formation of new land surfaces consisting of rock, lava, volcanic ash, sand, clay, or some other exclusively minerals. This means that there is NO SOIL present. Soil is a mixture of mineral material, decaying organic material, and living organisms. Pioneer species www.life.uiuc.edu

Secondary succession Secondary Succession follows the destruction or partial destruction of the vegetation area by some sort of disturbance, like a fire, windstorm, or flood that leaves the soil intact. Pioneer species initiate recovery following disturbance in both primary AND secondary successions Pioneers "pave the way" for later colonists by altering the biotic and abiotic environment: See previous slide