Andrea Hansen Jessi Meyer Matt Drew MCI Lab & Field Testing Andrea Hansen Jessi Meyer Matt Drew

Agenda Lab Testing ASTM G109 Modified ASTM G109 (Cracked Beam Test) GC XPS Field Testing Wet Mix Testing Alkalinity QAC XPS GalvaPulse (others) Fugitive Dye Option

ASTM G109 Standard test method for determining the effects of chemical admixtures on the corrosion of embedded steel reinforcement in concrete exposed to chloride environments.

Cracked Beam Testing Modified ASTM G109 Includes crack as part of initial test set up More true to “real life” More aggressive/faster test method

Gas Chromatography (GC) A separation technique carried out in a packed column. Each peak on the recorder signifies a certain chemical.

Gas Chromatography (GC)

X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Performed on: MCI 2020 MCI 2020 M MCI 2022 MCI 2021 Shows MCI actually absorbed onto steel reinforcement Confirmed ability of MCI to displace chlorides.

MCI Slides

XPS analysis after 450 days, Mass Concentration % Sample Etch Time (seconds) Fe 2p O 1s C 1s N 1s Cl 2p Ca 2p Si 2p Untreated 6.27 42.71 30.67 0.19 1.07 14.19 4.97 120 13.60 39.43 23.08 0.14 1.06 17.59 5.19 240 14.65 38.77 22.35 0.11 1.01 18.18 5.03 Inhibitor A 2.30 42.22 29.90 1.16 0.95 17.28 6.26 2.53 43.01 25.17 1.12 0.93 20.14 7.18 2.56 43.85 21.95 1.05 1.40 22.19 7.09 Inhibitor B 2.02 40.20 38.55 1.32 0.87 11.54 5.53 2.22 41.74 32.13 1.29 0.86 15.41 6.42 2.82 43.61 28.99 1.15 0.83 15.92 6.68

Detection of NS Admixtures in Wet Concrete HACH Silica Test Kit Model SI-5, Ranges 0-40 and 0-800mg/L “Wet samples” of concrete Control MCI-2005 NS or MCI-2006 NS

Gecor 6 - James Instruments Measures RH, temp, HCP, and concrete resistivity Non-destructive polarization technique 100 readings can be stored at a time Weighs 9 pounds Photo from James Instruments Inc Website

GalvaPulse - Germann Instruments Linear Polarization Resistance Half Cell Potentials Smaller and faster than Gecor 6

Galva Pulse Photo from Galva Pulse Manual

Corrosion rates by Thomas Frolund, 2002 (with GalvaPulse instrument) Current, µA/cm2 Rate, µm/year Level Time to Visible Deterioration < 0.5 < 5.8 Passive N/A 0.5 to 5 5.8 to 58 Low > 10 years 5 to 15 58 to 174 Moderate 3 to 10 years > 15 >174 High < 2 years Corrosion rates by Thomas Frolund, 2002 (with GalvaPulse instrument) Chart from GalvaPulse Manual

LPR Corrator Probes - Rohrback Cosasco Systems Linear Polarization Resistance Electrical Resisitivity Temperature sensor Photo from Corrator Website

Model 800 Monitoring Devices Monitor via small test instruments or remote data collection More Automated CorrData Instruments Photos from Corrator Website

Humidity Testing ASTM-F-1869 ASTM-F-2170 ASTM-D-4263 Photo from James Instruments Website

Depth of Carbonation Deep Purple Indicator, German Instruments, Inc. Rainbow Indicator, Germann Instruments, Inc Photos from German Instruments Website

Depth of Carbonation James Instruments, Inc. Carbo Detect ASR Detect Photo taken from German Instruments Website

Sample Preparation

Alkalinity HACH Alkalinity Test Model AL-AP MG-L 5-400 mg/L Catalog #2443-01 Alkalinity Treated > Alkalinity Control

QAC Test EM Quant Test Strips 0-500 mg/l Cat. #17920-1

Equipment & Test Firms NDT Equipment Germann Instruments James Instruments Durham Geo Slope Indicator Elcometer Instruments Humboldt Manufacturing Test Firms American Engineering & Testing, MN H.C. Nutting, OH CTL, IL, MD, NH WJE, 20 Offices