Nucleic Acids.

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Presentation transcript:

Nucleic Acids

DNA deoxyribonucleic acid genes and chromosomes programs cell activities in nucleus produces RNA

RNA ribonucleic acid what ribosomes are made of produce proteins 3 types (mRNA, tRNA and rRNA)

Both made of nucleotides: a 5 carbon sugar phosphate nitrogenous bases (2 types) 1) purine- adenine (A) and guanine (G) 2) pyrimidine- cytosine (C), thymine (T) and uracil (U- in RNA) joined by ester linkages between phosphate and sugar

other nucleotides ATP NADH FADH NADPH cAMP

Structure of DNA Chargaff’s rule 1) A=T and C=G 2) total purines = total pyrimidines due to complementary base pairing- C always pairs with G and A always pairs with T (U in RNA) hydrogen bonding between base pairs

Antiparallel strands parallel, but running in opposite directions one runs in 5’ to 3’ direction, other runs 3’ to 5’ 5’ is the strand ending with phosphate (on #5 carbon of sugar) 3’ is the strand ending with a hydroxyl group (on #3 carbon of sugar)