Culture Monday, January 30, 2017

List as many things as you can think of when you hear… “Indonesian culture”

The history of the word “culture” Read page 6, paragraph 1 Sanskrit: buddhayah = consciousness/thought Dutch: cultuur = sowing/planting Latin: colere Human efforts to grow and transform nature Colombia

Synthesize! Read page 6 Synthesize a definition for “culture” Ms. Sarah’s definition: Culture is all the knowledge, attitudes/values, and customs/norms/behaviors that are learned and passed down from generation to generation in a specific society. Pakistan

2 types of culture (p. 8) Abstract culture Concrete culture Can’t touch it In the human mind Ideas, concepts, values Like embodied cultural capital Tangible (can touch it) Can see, touch, smell, observe, picture it. Like material cultural capital

Clyde Kluckhorn: Components of culture Tools and equipment to support human life (clothes, housing, weapons, transportation) Livelihood (jobs) and economic systems (farming, medical, production and distribution of goods) Societal systems (kinship, political orgs, marriage, law) Languages Arts (music, performing, visual) Systems of knowledge Belief systems (religions)

Universal Culture (one of the 7 components of culture) Ralph Linton: Cultural components (p. 10) Universal Culture (one of the 7 components of culture) Cultural activity Trait complex Trait Item Farming Harvesting Machine Blade Wheels Steering wheel Irrigation Ditches Wheelbarrow Shovel

Bronislow Malinowski: Functionalism (p. 10) Everything has a function to play in society. When it is no longer needed, it will automatically disappear.

Homework: read page p. 12, 14, 16 Function, Characteristics, and Properties of Culture

Notes on board Function of culture: Kezia, Jeje, Nia, Catherine Characteristics of culture: Anthony, Feli, Crystal Properties of culture: Jason, Raiza, Lita, Stevi

Asking a person about their culture can be like asking a goldfish how the water is.

10 ways to offend video Toilet video

Warm up questions to write in your notebook What is meant by the phrase “Culture is the social inheritance of humankind” p. 14 Why is language an essential part of culture? P. 14 “Culture is universal.” p. 14 Does this mean that everyone in the world shares the same culture? Reminder: Quiz on culture on Feb 13, next Monday!!! Definition of culture and where the word comes from. Clyde Kluckhorn, Ralph Linton and Bronislaw Malinowski Function, Characteristics and Properties of culture 7 components of culture (today’s class)

Clyde Kluckhorn: Components of culture Tools and equipment to support human life (clothes, housing, weapons, transportation) Livelihood (jobs) and economic systems (farming, medical, production and distribution of goods) Societal systems (kinship, political orgs, marriage, law) Languages Arts (music, performing, visual) Systems of knowledge Belief systems (religions)

Clyde Kluckhorn: Components of culture Tools and equipment p. 18-20 (see houses) Livelihood (jobs) and economic systems p. 22-24 Societal systems p. 24-26 Kinship and Social Organization Unilineal Ambilineal Patrilineal Matrilineal Small/large ambilineal family Small/large clan (Klan) Phratry (Fratri) Moiety (paroh masyarakat) Mono- Poly- -Gamy -Gyny -Andry Nuclear family Extended family

Systems of science and knowledge p. 30 Societal systems p. 24-26 Kinships and social organization: education, orphanages, shelters, health institutions Languages p. 26-28 Functions Arts p. 28 See chart at bottom of page Dance example Systems of science and knowledge p. 30 How to obtain knowledge Knowledge about what? All the -logys Belief systems (religions) p. 30-32 Animism/paganism, dynamism

Dynamics of culture

assimilation Acculturation The minority has to change to fit into the majority. The majority is slightly affected. There is no more majority and minority, they all become one. The minority’s actions are now exactly like the majority. We cannot see a difference. The minority has to change to fit into the majority The majority accepts and incorporates (menggabungkan) the minority into the majority’s culture. The minority keeps their distinct differences. The differences can still be seen.

innovation Diffusion Introduction of new technology that changes culture Invention Discovery Examples: cloning Stem cells Nuclear power Spreading culture from one place to another Direct (intentional) Indirect (English) Intra or intersocietal Peaceful (pacifique) Violent

Answer number 18, 19 and 20 on page 44 and 46 What is the relationship between diffusion and assimilation? Diffusion and acculturation?

Performance Test 2 Assignment and performance test 2 are due on Monday, February 20th. If you are absent on this day, you will have to have a 10-20 minute one-on-one discussion with me after school next week. Globalization Similar to diffusion The idea that the world is becoming more and more the same as a result of trade, media, and travel. The process is happening faster and faster, or it is “accelerating” What is the effect of globalization on individual cultures? Are they in danger?

Discuss with a partner: if you were going to introduce Christianity to someone for the first time ever, how would you do it? Considering their culture.

Using Clyde Kluckhorn’s 7 components of culture, list at least 2 things from each of the 7 categories that would distinguish the following cultures from each other. Example: in the USA, we have General Motors cars (tools and equipment). In Indonesia, you have Esemka. Village life in Java City life in Berlin, Germany

Using Clyde Kluckhorn’s 7 components of culture, list at least 2 things from each of the 7 categories that would distinguish the following cultures from each other. Example: in the USA, we have General Motors cars (tools and equipment). In Indonesia, you have Esemka. Village life in Java City life in Berlin, Germany