Layers Of The Atmosphere

Layers Of The Atmosphere Troposphere – 0km to 8-11km. Clouds & birds. Tropopause – 9km to 22-25km. Thunderstorms. Stratosphere – 22-25km to 55km. Ozone layer. Stratopause – 55km to 60km. Meteors. Mesosphere – 60km to 85km. Meteors burn. Mesopause – 85km to 100km. Ions. Thermosphere – 100km to 400km. Aurora.

Science 10 – Weather Unit Heat Transfer

Heat Transfer Most weather phenomena are related to the ways in which the land, water and atmosphere transfer heat that comes to the Earth via the sun’s rays.

Heat Transfer Heat is a form of energy that is transferred from a hot substance to a cooler one. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy held by the molecules of a substance. It is a measure of heat energy.

Heat Transfer Heat Capacity: How difficult it is to heat up to cool down a particular substance. This is very important in weather because water has a much higher heat capacity than land. Therefore it takes a lot more energy to heat up an area of water than land. There are three types of heat transfer – conduction, convection, and radiation.

Conduction The transfer of heat from one solid substance to another through direct contact. The better the conductor, the faster the heat will transfer. Ex. Heat is transferred from a hot burner to a pot by conduction.

Convection The transfer of heat through liquids or gases. Warm gases/liquids rise and cooler ones sink. Ex. Convection ovens use circulating warm air to heat food.

Radiation Movement of heat energy through a vacuum. The only type of heat transfer that does not require matter to be present. Ex. The sun’ s rays travel to earth via radiation.