INTRODUCTION – HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT AND THE SYSTEM OF ROMAN LAW

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Presentation transcript:

INTRODUCTION – HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT AND THE SYSTEM OF ROMAN LAW ROMAN PRIVATE LAW, 2017/2018 LECTURE ASSOC. PROF. KARLOVIĆ

POSTCLASSICAL LAW (235 – 565 AD) 754 242 201 27 235 565 IUS CIVILE (754 – 201 BC) IUS PRAETORIUM (201 – 27 BC) CLASSICAL LAW (27 BC – 235 AD) POSTCLASSICAL LAW (235 – 565 AD) KINGDOM AND REPUBLIC REPUBLIC PRINCIPATE DOMINATE

POSTCLASSICAL LAW (235 – 565 AD) 754 242 201 235 565 IUS CIVILE (754 – 201 BC) IUS PRAETORIUM (201 – 27 BC) CLASSICAL LAW (27 BC – 235 AD) POSTCLASSICAL LAW (235 – 565 AD) KINGDOM AND REPUBLIC REPUBLIC PRINCIPATE DOMINATE

POSTCLASSICAL LAW (235 – 565 AD) 754 IUS CIVILE (754 – 201 BC) IUS PRAETORIUM (201 – 27 BC) CLASSICAL LAW (27 BC – 235 AD) POSTCLASSICAL LAW (235 – 565 AD) 242 201 235 565 Close connection between legal (ius) and religious rules (fas) Formalism, strict rules (ius cogens), limited number of legally recognized (enforceable) contracts and modes of acquisition of ownership Development of law – legislation - acts enacted in the assemblies The Twelve Tables – 451/450 BC

POSTCLASSICAL LAW (235 – 565 AD) 754 242 201 27 IUS CIVILE (754 – 201 BC) IUS PRAETORIUM (201 – 27 BC) CLASSICAL LAW (27 BC – 235 AD) POSTCLASSICAL LAW (235 – 565 AD) 235 565 254/253 BC – Tiberius Coruncanius – pontifical interpretatio - laity 242 BC – praetor peregrinus – ius gentium – informal, based on good faith (bonae fidei) development of ius honorarium – procedural remedies D. 1,1,7,1: Ius praetorium est, quod praetores introduxerunt adiuvandi vel supplendi vel corrigendi iuris civilis gratia propter utilitatem publicam. Dual legal systems

Classical jurisprudence Schools of law – Sabinians and Proculians 754 242 201 27 IUS CIVILE (754 – 201 BC) IUS PRAETORIUM (201 – 27 BC) CLASSICAL LAW (27 BC – 235 AD) POSTCLASSICAL LAW (235 – 565 AD) 235 565 Classical jurisprudence Schools of law – Sabinians and Proculians Gaius Institutiones Papinianus, Paulus and Ulpianus peak of development plurality = elaborate explanations Q. M. Scaevola Servius Sulpicius Rufus Aulus Ofilius – friend of Caesar Ateius Capito – traditionalist Massurius Sabinus Tubero – archaic style Alfenus Varus Cornelius Maximus Trebatius Marcus Antistius Labeo – 400 volumes of text Nerva Aquillius Gallus

POSTCLASSICAL LAW (235 – 565 AD) 754 242 201 IUS CIVILE (754 – 201 BC) IUS PRAETORIUM (201 – 27 BC) CLASSICAL LAW (27 BC – 235 AD) POSTCLASSICAL LAW (235 – 565 AD) 235 565 Dominate – decline Imperial legislation Lex citationis 426 AD Legal collections and codifications Collections of constitutiones (leges): 1. Codex Gregorianus 2. C. Hermogenianus 3. C. Thedosianus Barbarian codes: 1. Lex Romana Visigothorum 2. L. R. Burgundionum 3. Edictum Theoderici Collections of ius and leges: 1. fragmenta Vaticana 2. Collatio legum R. et M. 3. Syro-Roman Lawbook

POSTCLASSICAL LAW (235 – 565 AD) 754 IUS CIVILE (754 – 201 BC) IUS PRAETORIUM (201 – 27 BC) CLASSICAL LAW (27 BC – 235 AD) POSTCLASSICAL LAW (235 – 565 AD) 242 201 235 565 Justinians codification: a) Codex Iustinianus (529) b) Digesta (Pandectae) (533) c) Institutiones (533) d) Codex repetitae praelectionis (534) + Novellae (535 – 565)

I. SYSTEM OF LAW IUS PERSONAE RES RES CORPORALES – REAL PROPERTY Gai. Inst. 1,8: Omne autem ius, quo utimur, vel ad personas pertinet vel ad res vel ad actiones. IUS PERSONAE RES RES CORPORALES – REAL PROPERTY RES INCORPORALES – OBLIGATIONS, INHERITANCE ACTIONES

II. OBLIGATIONS

III. CONTRACTS