Planning comparison study SCM IOGEO and GSICS 8 May 2018 Teleconference Rob Roebeling, Viju John, Tim Hewison EUMETSAT

on heritage geostationary satellites. Joint GSICS and IOGEO inter-comparison of reference sensor equivalent WV, IR (and VIS) radiances Objective Objective: IOGEO and GSICS partners to compare reference sensor equivalent (or re-calibrated) radiances from the water vapor (WV), infrared (IR), (and visible (VIS)) channels on heritage geostationary satellites. 2

IOGEO and GSICS inter-comparison - Introduction Method To collect re-calibrated data for a common test period: Channels: WV, IR (and VIS) Satellites: COMS, GOES, Feng-Yun, Himawari, Kalpana, METEOSAT Test days: 19 August 2015 and 21 July 2016 Test slots: 3 hourly images (00, 03, 06, 09, 12, 15, 18, 21 GMT) To encourage IOGEO partners to all use HIRS as reference instrument (Note -> EUMETSAT can provide HIRS record (1982-2014) in standard NetCDF format) To inter-compare re-calibrated data in overlapping regions (Bias and Spectral Band Adjustment check); To compare re-calibrated data against IASI observations; To compare re-calibrated data against simulated radiances from ECMWF (use RTTOV) (use RTTOV, EUMETSTAT did this for their instruments) Data Exchange An FTP site has been set up at EUMETSAT where all IOGEO and GSICS partners can upload their test data (details on the next slide) We started to explore a closer partnership on climate with NOAA aiming at the development of a joint action plan. However, we are only at the beginning. Systematic activities: NOAA CDR Program –SAF Network and CAF Infrastructure Elements: Analyse reprocessing environments, develop common requirements baseline for reprocessing and search for optimisation of processing; Increase commonalities on data archiving, data distribution and data post-processing such as, level-3 on demand, sub-setting in time and space, selection of parameters, etc. – develop and share tools; Analyse potential for further increase of stewardship level by exchanging raw and derived records to have a third copy; also enables improved distribution. Sensor Intercalibration Level 2 and Level 3 data Records CDR Quality Assessment Interoperability of CDRs. Benefits of common actions for international activities would be: GSICS would fulfil the implementation plan items on climate; SCOPE-CM could be further developed by becoming the international dominant producer of FCDRs; The latter also strengthens the link between GSICS and SCOPE-CM; International reanalysis activities will get a one stop shop for FCDRs from operational sensors; NOAA/EUM can develop a common approach to answer requests from the CEOS WG Climate; NOAA/EUM activities in GSICS and SCOPE-CM may appear as “the” science support with high visibility in the new WCRP-WDAC and the WCRP-JSC. 3

IOGEO and GSICS inter-comparison – FTP site details Site : ftp.eumetsat.int User accounts : CMA, EUMETSAT, GSICS, IMD, JMA, KMA, NOAA Password : Each user account has a personal password for details mail to Viju John (viju.john@eumetsat.int) Directories : Each user account has a personal directory with r/w/e permissions Sub Directories : Each personal directory contains the following sub-directories Reference data : IASI and HIRS reference data will be made available on the FTP site Calibrated data : Each user should but their calibrated data in their personal directory /rse_native reference sensor equivalent calibrated data original resolution /rse_resamp reference sensor equivalent calibrated data re-sampled (5x5 km2) /aux_native auxiliary data (e.g. geometry data) original resolution /aux_resamp auxiliary data (e.g. geometry data) re-sampled (5x5 km2) ftp.eumetsat.int EUMETSAT FTP Administration Account: Username: iogeo Password: 8L5ujAs78E Access rights: Read/Write/Delete   Suppliers: Login name and directory name 1. NOAA Username: noaa Password: 3qp3NR5Hwn Access rights: Read/Write/Delete to content of NOAA directory, read to other suppliers 2. JMA Username: jma Password: ccx8EbATA6 Access rights: Read/Write/Delete to content of JMA directory, read to other suppliers 3. CMA Username: cma Password: N9f246T5ju Access rights: Read/Write/Delete to content of CMA directory, read to other suppliers 4. IMD Username: imd Password: qNHFAxwg9v Access rights: Read/Write/Delete to content of IMD directory, read to other 5. GSICS Username: gsics Password: UqHrCc4jkV Access rights: Read/Write/Delete to content of GSICS directory, read to other 6. TBD Username: tbd Password: M4sR8q4Xh3 Access rights: Read/Write/Delete to content of TBD directory, read to other 4

IOGEO and GSICS inter-comparison – Status Data Uploads 2015-08-19 2016-07-21 00z 03z 06z 09z 12z 15z 18z 21z 24z 21 GOES-15 135°W  GOES-13 75°W Met-10! 0°E  Met-7 57°E Kalpana 82°E  FY-2D 123°E  FY-2G 105°E FY-2F 112°E COMS-1 128°E Himawari 145°E  : GSICS and IOGEO calibrated data ready and uploaded to the common FTP site  : GSICS calibrated data ready and uploaded to the common FTP site  : Ready but not yet uploaded to the common FTP site  : Not ready  : Current status needs to be checked ! data are not online due to space issue on FTP site

Related Recalibration Work @ EUMETSAT Recalibration HIRS data records - 1982-2016 (FIDUCEO) Recalibration MVIRI/SEVIRI IR and WV channels - 1982-2017 (ERA-CLIM2 and C3S) Recalibration MVIRI VIS channel - 1982-2017 (FIDUCEO) Paper on EUMETSAT GEO recalibration IR/WV is in preparation (John et al., 20??) Paper on EUMETSAT GEO recalibration VIS is in preparation (Ruethrich et al., 20??)

Sensor equivalent calibration Sensor equivalent calibration [GSICS definition] refers to the calibration where each sensor is calibrated in such a way that the spectral characteristics of that individual sensor are maintained. As a result of this process, the calibrated radiances represent the unique nature (e.g., spectral response function) of the monitored sensor. Time Radiances Sensor 1 Sensor X Calibration as it should be Actual Calibration Note, sensor equivalent calibrations are supposed to differ in their radiances (or counts) due to differences in the spectral characteristics of the sensors NRTC/RAC/ARC For example, I suggested he discussed with you the "Requirements for NRTC/RAC/ARC". As you know at present we generate Near-Real-Time-Corrections and Re-Analysis Corrections for GEO-LEO IR, based on single pairs of instruments (one monitored, one reference). I would like you to consider what the requirements could be a GSICS Archive Re-Calibration, which is the sort of thing you are doing in SCOPE-CM. E.g. Could these requirements be met by my proposed Prime GSICS Corrections? i.e. Merging together inter-calibration results from different reference instruments, after correcting them to a common datum (the "Primary Reference") using "delta Corrections" (the double-difference of their time series). 7

Sensor equivalent calibration (ERA-CLIM2) - IR & WV Meteosat Series - Figure: Time-series of Meteosat First Generation Sensor Equivalent Calibrated radiances for the Water Vapor Channel (upper panel) and the infrared channel (lower panel) Courtesy: Marie Doutriaux Boucher, Alessio Lattanzio, Viju John

Reference Sensor Normalized Calibration Reference sensor normalised calibration [GSICS definition] refers to the calibration that provides the best match to spectral characteristics of a predefined “reference*” sensor. As a result of this process, the calibrated radiances represent the unique nature (e.g., spectral response function) of the “reference” sensor. The normalised calibration includes information on uncertainty associated with adjusting the characteristics of the monitored sensor to those of the predefined “reference” sensor. Sensor 1 Reference Sensor used for normalization One sensor from a series or a hypothetical sensor Sensor X Radiances Sensor Equivalent Calibration Reference Sensor Normalized Calibration Time Uncertainty due to differences between the spectral characteristics of the reference sensor and the spectral characteristics of other sensors in the series NRTC/RAC/ARC For example, I suggested he discussed with you the "Requirements for NRTC/RAC/ARC". As you know at present we generate Near-Real-Time-Corrections and Re-Analysis Corrections for GEO-LEO IR, based on single pairs of instruments (one monitored, one reference). I would like you to consider what the requirements could be a GSICS Archive Re-Calibration, which is the sort of thing you are doing in SCOPE-CM. E.g. Could these requirements be met by my proposed Prime GSICS Corrections? i.e. Merging together inter-calibration results from different reference instruments, after correcting them to a common datum (the "Primary Reference") using "delta Corrections" (the double-difference of their time series). 9

Sensor equivalent calibration (ERA-CLIM2) - IR & WV Meteosat Series - Figure 5: Time-series of Meteosat First Generation Sensor Equivalent Calibrated radiances for the Water Vapor Channel (upper panel) and the infrared channel (lower panel) Courtesy: Marie Doutriaux Boucher, Alessio Lattanzio, Viju John

Reference Sensor Normalized Calibration (ERA-CLIM2) - IR & WV Meteosat Series - Figure 5: Reference Sensor Normalised time-series of Meteosat First Generation radiances for the Water Vapour Channel (upper panel) and the infrared channel (lower panel) Courtesy: Marie Doutriaux Boucher, Alessio Lattanzio, Viju John 11

Reference Sensor Normalized Calibration (FIDUCEO) - VIS Meteosat Series -

Reference Sensor Normalized Calibration (FIDUCEO) - VIS Meteosat Series - Example of Uncertainty Information that is provided on pixel by pixel basis

Reference Sensor Normalized Calibration (FIDUCEO) - VIS Meteosat Series - ZDM IODC Simulation Recovery Calibration Met-2 1982-1988 100% 50% Met-3 1988-1993 0% Met-4 1989-1995 Met-5 1994-1998 1998-2007 Met-6 1996-2007 2007-2011 Met-7 1997-2006 2007-2017 Drift of calibration coefficient over desert and ocean using FIDUCEO reconstructed spectral response functions Drift of calibration coefficient over desert and ocean using pre-launch spectral response function

Related Recalibration Work @ JMA Work of JMA Visiting Scientist Tasuku Tabata @ EUMETSAT in 2017 on: recalibration of IR and WV channels on the JMA GEO satellites using a recalibration method based on GSICS principles that has been applied by EUMETSAT ERA-CLIM2 (for details see presentation Tasuku) Paper on JMA GEO recalibration is in preparation (Tabata et. al, 20??)

Planning Proposal Collaboration GSICS and SCOPE-CM We started to explore a closer partnership on climate with NOAA aiming at the development of a joint action plan. However, we are only at the beginning. Systematic activities: NOAA CDR Program –SAF Network and CAF Infrastructure Elements: Analyse reprocessing environments, develop common requirements baseline for reprocessing and search for optimisation of processing; Increase commonalities on data archiving, data distribution and data post-processing such as, level-3 on demand, sub-setting in time and space, selection of parameters, etc. – develop and share tools; Analyse potential for further increase of stewardship level by exchanging raw and derived records to have a third copy; also enables improved distribution. Sensor Intercalibration Level 2 and Level 3 data Records CDR Quality Assessment Interoperability of CDRs. Benefits of common actions for international activities would be: GSICS would fulfil the implementation plan items on climate; SCOPE-CM could be further developed by becoming the international dominant producer of FCDRs; The latter also strengthens the link between GSICS and SCOPE-CM; International reanalysis activities will get a one stop shop for FCDRs from operational sensors; NOAA/EUM can develop a common approach to answer requests from the CEOS WG Climate; NOAA/EUM activities in GSICS and SCOPE-CM may appear as “the” science support with high visibility in the new WCRP-WDAC and the WCRP-JSC. 16

Status Most data have been collected and are available on the FTP site. Disk space FTP site needs to be increased to allow uploading of remaining data. Re-calibrated IR and WV radiances from the GEO satellites from JMA and EUMETSAT are being compared; Papers on the re-calibration of JMA and EUMETSAT IR and WV radiances are being prepared. 17

Planning 2018-2019: recalibration geostationary satellites: Seek for collaborative activity to perform the GEO-GEO inter-comparison of GSICS (and IOGEO) recalibrated IR, WV, (and VIS) radiances. Visiting Scientist at EUMETSAT for period of ~one month funded by EUMETSAT? Post-graduate student project at one of the involved space agencies? Other suggestions (e.g. VS at other space agency, ..)? Seek for collaborative activity to accomplish recalibration of all GEO satellites and provide these in a common format: Visiting Scientist at EUMETSAT for period up to a year based on own funding ? (Similar to JMA VS at EUMETSAT) Repeat above described work for the visible channels from the GEO satellites 2020: Gridded FCDR (GEO ring) of inter-calibrated radiances Generate a combined product of gridded inter-calibrated radiances that is based on re-calibrated radiances from as many geostationary satellite data as possible. 18

Questions