#9 Ch 17 S 2 Details: Read & Notes Ch 17 S 2 ______________ 11.7.2 Explain U.S. and Allied wartime strategy, including the major battles of Midway, Normandy, Iwo Jima, Okinawa, and the Battle of the Bulge.

Chapter 17: The U.S. in WWII Section 2: The War for Europe and North Africa

11.7 Students analyze America's participation in World War II. Standards 11.7 Students analyze America's participation in World War II. 11.7.2 Explain U.S. and Allied wartime strategy, including the major battles of Midway, Normandy, Iwo Jima, Okinawa, and the Battle of the Bulge.

Learning Objective Objective: Demonstration: Describe U.S. and Allied war strategy, in the European theater of World War II Demonstration: Writing Audible response What is the learning objective? How will we show we have learned the objective?

Warm-up Questions In 1941, what war was the U.S. drawn into? What event drew us into war? Who is the main threat of the war in Europe?

Review 1941, a dispute over Japanese aggression in the Pacific. The Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor (U.S. naval port in Hawaii) U.S. declared war on Japan Because of the tripartite pact, Italy and Germany declared war on the U.S. U.S. now faced with a two-front war Japan  U.S.  Europe How did the Tripartite Pact prevent the U.S. from entering WWII initially?

Alliances Allies Britain France Soviet Union United States Axis Name an ally country. Name an Axis county. Why were alliances important? Axis Germany Italy Japan

Learning Objective Objective: Demonstration: Describe U.S. and Allied war strategy, in the European theater of World War II Demonstration: Writing Audible response

Alliances The U.S. & Britain Align U.S.S.R also in alliance Churchill convinced FDR to go after Hitler first, then Japan second Britain still in danger of falling to Hitler We needed them to stay in the war U.S.S.R also in alliance We did not want to allow the USSR to fail they were keeping Hitler occupied with war The U.S. needed Britain and USSR in order to defeat Japan, and for the moment they were busy with Hitler Why was Hitler the #1 target of the Allies? Why did the U.S. agree to help the British fight Hitler?

The Battle of the Atlantic Hitler ordered U-boat (submarine) attacks against U.S. supply ships to Britain Wolf packs destroyed hundreds of ships in 1942 Fighting back Allies used convoys of cargo ships with escort destroyers equipped with sonar and planes with radar Also, the construction of Liberty Ships (cargo carriers) increased. (WPB from S1) How did the U.S. defeat the German u-boats in the Battle of the Atlantic?

Convoy System

The Battle of Stalingrad Hitler wanted to destroy Stalingrad strategically located on the Volga River Germany could choke out most of Russia by controlling the flow of supplies on the river (Mississippi R.) After a long struggle, the Soviets defeated the Germans. During the Battle, Stalin wanted the allies to attack from the west (France) to create a two front war for Hitler… The war strategy of the U.S. and Britain was not the same as the U.S.S.R. Where did Stalin want the U.S. and Britain to attack first? Why?

Learning Objective Objective: Demonstration: Describe U.S. and Allied war strategy, in the European theater of World War II Demonstration: Writing Audible response

Stalin’s Request Britain USSR North Africa

Learning Objective Objective: Demonstration: Describe U.S. and Allied war strategy, in the European theater of World War II Demonstration: Writing Audible response

U.S./British Strategy Invade North Africa first Eliminate least defended German outposts first Invade Sicily and Italy Eliminate Mussolini & Nazis in southern Europe Invade France (from two directions) South from Italy & West from Britain Invade Germany (from three directions) East from U.S.S.R. Where was the first, second, third, fourth invasion? How did the U.S. British invasion differ from what Stalin wanted?

U.S./British Strategy Britain USSR North Africa

U.S./British Plan: North Africa Britain USSR North Africa

U.S./British Plan: Sicily & Italy Britain USSR North Africa

Learning Objective Objective: Demonstration: Describe U.S. and Allied war strategy, in the European theater of World War II Demonstration: Writing Audible response

D-Day (Page 575) The first day of the Allied invasion of Europe Allies set up phantom army Sent fake radio messages to fool Germans Real attack came 150 miles away from fake attack Eisenhower directed Allied invasion of Normandy on D-Day June 6, 1944 Very difficult fighting Germans held the high ground but lost it What happened on D-Day? Why might the Germans have been surprised by the attack?

Huge!

Great Britain English Channel France

Great Britain English Channel France

Normandy, France

Learning Objective Objective: Demonstration: Describe U.S. and Allied war strategy, in the European theater of World War II Demonstration: Writing Audible response

U.S./British Plan: D-Day (France) Britain USSR North Africa

The Battle of the Bulge October 1944, Allies captured first German town, Aachen Hitler had to do something In December, German tank divisions drove 60 miles into Allied area Battle of the Bulge—Germans pushed back allies Formed a bulge in the allied lines Bend, but don’t break!!!!!!!! The last German offensive A desperate attempt by Hitler to regain control of the war, but too many losses for Nazis to continue Why was the battle called the Battle of the Bulge?

U.S./British Plan: Germany Britain USSR North Africa

Unconditional Surrender April 1945 Soviet army stormed Berlin Hitler committed suicide Shot himself Orders his body burned Eisenhower (& allies) accepted unconditional surrender of Germany May 8, 1945, V-E Day Victory in Europe Day FDR died April 12, 1945 Vice President Harry S. Truman became president Had to deal with Japan and aftermath of war Why did the surrender have to be unconditional?

Harry S. Truman

U.S./British Plan Britain USSR North Africa

Minority Heroes in Combat African Americans Tuskegee Airmen Buffalo Soldiers Highly decorated- lots of medals for heroism Mexican-Americans 17 received congressional medal of honor Japanese-Americans 442nd Regimental Combat Team Most decorated unit in U.S. history

Pictures

Paratroopers

Paratroopers

Maps

Learning Objective Objective: Demonstration: Describe U.S. and Allied war strategy, in the European theater of World War II Demonstration: Writing Audible response

World War II Europe, 1942 North Africa Occupied USSR Finland Norway Axis Powers Axis Powers Finland Allied Powers Norway Neutral Sweden USSR Britain Occupied USSR Germany Poland Occupied France Vichy France Italy Turkey Syria North Africa

WWII, Early 1943 Axis Powers Allied Powers Neutral North Africa

WWII, 1942-1943 USSR North Africa Neutral After the Battle of Axis Powers Allied Powers Neutral After the Battle of Stalingrad USSR Germany 1944 North Africa

WWII, July 1943 USSR Italy North Africa Neutral Axis Powers Allied Powers Neutral USSR Italy North Africa

WWII, Sept 1944 USSR France Italy North Africa

WWII, Sept 1944 USSR France Italy North Africa Neutral D-Day Invasion Axis Powers Allied Powers Neutral D-Day Invasion USSR Germany France Italy North Africa

WWII, Sept 1944 USSR France Italy North Africa Neutral D-Day Invasion Axis Powers Allied Powers Neutral D-Day Invasion USSR Germany France Italy North Africa

Learning Objective Objective: Demonstration: Describe U.S. and Allied war strategy, in the European theater of World War II Demonstration: Writing Audible response

Cloze Even though Stalin wanted the _1_ and Britain to attack Germany from the _2_, the U.S. and Britain decided to begin their European war in _3_. From there, the allied forces swept through _4_, then invaded _5_ on D-Day by storming the beaches at _6_. As the allied forces captured their first _7_ town, _8_ became desperate and launched his last offensive, which was known as the _9_, because of the shape of the allied front during the battle.

Assignment/Wrap-up 1 Paragraph Essay: Describe U.S. and Allied war strategy, in the European theater of the World War II.

#9 Ch 17 S 2 Details: Read & Notes Ch 17 S 2 Margin ?s A-F 11.7.2 Explain U.S. and Allied wartime strategy, including the major battles of Midway, Normandy, Iwo Jima, Okinawa, and the Battle of the Bulge.

#10 Ch 17 S 2 Details: Read Ch 17 S 2 Notes Ch 17 S 2 Margin ?s A-F (6)

PATTON

STALIN

JAPAN

HITLER

AIRMEN

U-BOAT

D-DAY

ATLANTIC

FRANCE

AFRICA

NAZI

GERMANY

V-E DAY

ALLIES

AXIS

BULGE

EISENHOWER

CONVOY

ACHEN

STALINGRAD

TRUMAN