Chapter 8 Energy in Matter

Matter & Energy are Related Mass & takes up space Composed of atoms Atoms- building blocks of ALL matter Molecules- atoms linked together Chemical bonds- links that hold atoms in molecules together

Matter & Energy are Related No mass or volume Visible only by effect on matter

Chemical Bonds Hold atoms together to form molecules Energy is stored within the structure or a molecule’s bonds & atoms Carbon dioxide: CO2 Water: H2O

Examples: Water H2O Hydrogen H2 Carbon dioxide CO2 Ammonia NH3 Methane CH4 = Oxygen = Hydrogen = Nitrogen = Carbon

Energy: Two forms Potential Energy Inactive Available for use, stored in matter Kinetic Energy Energy of motion Occurs when potential energy is released

Conservation of Energy Energy cannot be created nor destroyed only transferred from one form to another

Matter & Energy are Related Chemical Energy – stored in bonds of a molecule Creating bonds STORES energy Breaking bond RELEASES energy

Matter & Energy are Related Glucose  the most common substance used for energy in living things C6H12O6 More bonds broken = more energy released

Energy Problems One Glucose Molecule = a 10,000 EURO Bill in the USA Glucose is not usable form Solution……convert energy into ATP!!

ATP = Adenosine Tri-Phosphate 1. Break chemical bonds in glucose 2. Create chemical bonds in ATP 3. Body uses ATP for energy!!!!  CELLULAR RESPIRATION!!!!!!!!!