Lesson 10: Figurative Language I can analyze how figurative language creates an effect, revealing tone and mood. I can develop claims and counterclaims and support my position with evidence. RL.11-12.4 – Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in the text, including figurative and connotative meanings; analyze the impact of specific word choices on meaning and tone, including words with multiple meanings or language that is particularly fresh, engaging, or beautiful. (Include Shakespeare as well as other authors.) RI.11-12.4 – Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including figurative, connotative, and technical meanings; analyze how an author uses and refines the meaning of a key term or terms over the course of a text (e.g., how Madison defines faction in Federalist No. 10). W.11-12.1.b – Develop claim(s) and counterclaims fairly and thoroughly, supplying the most relevant evidence for each while pointing out the strengths and limitations of both in a manner that anticipates the audience's knowledge level, concerns, values, and possible biases. Lesson 10: Figurative Language

Agenda ACT Bell Ringer Review Figurative Language New Terms: Metonymy and Synecdoche Rhetorical Analysis: Analyze how figurative language creates tone and mood Argument practice with The Things They Carried

Review: Figurative Language Definition: Examples: A type of literary element where an author makes a comparison using language that is NOT literal. What they’re saying cannot be understood literally. Simile Metaphor Extended Metaphor Personification Hyperbole Idiom Based on needs, go over notes (slides are hidden, so you will have to unhide any that you want to go over) ALL EXAMPLES OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE ARE LITERARY ELEMENTS BUT NOT ALL LITERARY ELEMENTS ARE EXAMPLES OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE!

New Figurative Language Elements Metonymy—the substitution of a word(s) (usually an object or suggestive symbol) for another word (or more general idea). Synecdoche– ( a form of metonymy) to use a part to represent the whole or a whole to represent the part. You will see these terms on the AP exam! 

Examples of Metonymy “Friends, Romans, Countrymen, Lend me your ears”—Julius Caesar What he means: lend me your attention O, that record could with a backward look, Even of five hundred courses of the sun, show me your image in some antique book, Since mind in character was done!—Sonnet 59 What he means: 500 years He is a man of the cloth What it means: _____________________ A clergy man/priest

Examples of Synecdoche All Hands on Deck! What it represents: Bodies The U.S. won Three gold Medals. What it represents: U.S. Swim Team We sailed the wave from one continent to another. What it represents: ____________ The sea

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Analyzing Figurative Language Analyze how figurative language creates tone and mood in “truth” by Gwendolyn Brooks. Step 1: As a class, read the poem and determine the overall meaning of the poem. Strategies to help you understand poetry: Define unknown words Paraphrase Breakdown figurative language Look for shifts in tone Identify the tone and mood, picking two words to describe each. You can use your tone and mood word list.

Analyzing Figurative Language Analyze how figurative language creates tone and mood in “truth” by Gwendolyn Brooks. Step 2: With a partner, re-read the poem and annotate for figurative language. Step 3: Individually, complete the chart, analyzing how the use of figurative language helped establish the tone and mood of the poem.

The Things They Carried Re-Read “Good Form” (pages 171-172) Explain the difference between story-truth and happening-truth. Why do you think O’Brien tells so many stories that aren’t “true”?

Argument Prompt Pick one of the following quotes to defend, challenge, or qualify. Be sure to support your argument with evidence from your reading, experience, and observations. “I want you to feel what I felt. I want you to know why story-truth is truer sometimes than happening-truth.” —Tim O’Brien, The Things They Carried, “Good Form” (page 171) “The truth." Dumbledore sighed. "It is a beautiful and terrible thing, and should therefore be treated with great caution.” ― J.K. Rowling, Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone