Expansionism rapid settlement & economic development of the West Connections to Texas History

EXPANSIONISM Advance to the Mississippi Manifest Destiny Texas Independence and Annexation The War Against Mexico Westward Expansionism

Expanding Settlement, 1810-1850

EXPANSIONISM The Advance to the Mississippi Harrison Land Act of 1800 Federal Land sales New States - Indiana, Mississippi, Illinois Alabama, Missouri 160 acres for .50 cents an acre 4 yrs to pay at 1.50 per acre Great Plantations appeared in Alabama and Mississippi Planters from Virginia, the Carolinas & Georgia moved inland

EXPANSIONISM The Advance to the Mississippi Indian Removal East of the Mississippi The Trail of Tears John C. Calhoun, Monroe's Secretary of War established a resettlement policy of Indians beyond Missouri Rivers by 1830's completed William Henry Harrison destroyed Indian power in Northwest. Andrew Jackson crushed the Creeks & Cherokees of the Southwest

EXPANSIONISM Advance to the Mississippi Manifest Destiny Texas Independence and Annexation The War with Mexico Westward Expansionism

EXPANSIONISM Manifest Destiny "Our manifest destiny (is) to overspread the continent allotted by Providence for the free development of our yearly multiplying millions." John O' Sullivan "Democratic Review” 1845 Zinn pg. 152

EXPANSIONISM Advance to the Mississippi Manifest Destiny Texas Independence and Annexation The War Against Mexico Westward Expansionism

EXPANSIONISM Texas Independence American Immigration to Texas Independence Declared Battle of the Alamo Lone Star Republic 1836 Sam Houston (Portrait Gallery)

EXPANSIONISM Texas Annexation 1845 The Democrats and Expansion Polk Elected U.S. agrees to annex Texas 1845 Texas /Mexico Border Dispute U.S. states Rio Grande River Mexico claims Nueces River Mexican order to prohibit U.S. immigration to CA Bear Flag Revolt 1845 James K. Polk (Portrait Gallery)

EXPANSIONISM Advance to the Mississippi Manifest Destiny Texas Independence and Annexation The War Against Mexico Westward Expansion

EXPANSIONISM The War Against Mexico 1846-1848 War and Expansionism Zachary Taylor advances from Nueces to Rio Grande 11 Americans killed by Mexicans on 3/8/46 U.S. declared war 1700 Americans died, 4000 Mexicans, most die from disease Zinn p.162 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo July 4, 1848 Texas, CA & New Mexico & 1 million sq. miles become a part of the United States U.S. paid $15 million

EXPANSIONISM The Mexican War, 1846-1848

EXPANSIONISM Advance to the Mississippi Manifest Destiny Texas Independence and Annexation The War Against Mexico Westward Expansion

EXPANSIONISM Westward Expansion 1820-1840’s Early Explorers Trappers Lewis & Clark Zeb Pike Trappers Hudson Bay Co. American Fur Co. Rocky Mt. Fur Co. Mountain Men Jed Smith Josiah Walker Surveyors/Scouts John C. Fremont 1820-1840’s Western Trails

EXPANSIONISM

EXPANSIONISM Westward Expansion The Mormons 1830-1851 Early Settlers/ Conestoga Wagons 1840’s to Oregon & CA Applegates, Lassens, Bidwells, Bartlesons, Donner Party

EXPANSIONISM Westward Expansion Oregon Territory “Joint Occupation” The Westward Migration The Oregon Trail  Growing American Settlements The Oregon Boundary, 1846

“54’ 40” or Fight!” Compromise over Oregon Britain relinquished all territorial claims 1846 The Oregon Boundary, 1846

EXPANSIONISM Westward Expansion Gold Discovery in California 1848 In 1849 30,000 would be miners set out overland from Missouri to CA Another 25,000 made it by sea Few became rich, but the hundreds of thousands pushed CA towards statehood

The Gold Rush

The Mother Lode

EXPANSIONISM Westward Expansion Gadsden Purchase bought from Mexico for 10 mill. 1853 Mail routes/Pony Express 1860-1861 Transcontinental Railroad 1869

EXPANSIONISM

EXPANSIONISM Westward Expansion Early Explorers Trappers Mountain Men Westward Migration Early Settlers Conestoga Wagon Trains Mormon Settlement Oregon Territory Gold Discoveries Mail routes/Pony Express Transcontinental Railroad

EXPANSIONISM Advance to the Mississippi Manifest Destiny Texas Independence and Annexation The War Against Mexico Westward Expansion

Expansionism rapid settlement & economic development of the West Instructor: Carol Jean Cox