https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IrxpqWnBaNE PH in HD http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.thepowerhour.com/images/pearl_harbor2.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.thepowerhour.com/news2/pearl_harbor_photos1.htm&usg=__CpoaDRVia2SG0wWZyO3ysqm9O_c=&h=292&w=400&sz=19&hl=en&start=8&tbnid=DXUBDQBrJOMp8M:&tbnh=91&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3DPearl%2BHarbor%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IrxpqWnBaNE PH in HD

The Lead Up America assumed the Japanese might attack Why? 18 months prior to Dec 7, 1941 - the Pacific Fleet was moved to Pearl Harbor Nov 1941, Japanese diplomats sent to America to discuss expansion – get our blessing in expansion Same month, Japanese subs, aircraft carriers move closer to Hawaii Planning for almost a year – flying low altitude – goal aircraft carriers & battle ships – we thought no way with geography could get PH – thye have a bay similar so practice Think Japanese invasions/expansion – we have pacific colonies/islands – place an embargo & tripartite pact – gave supplies to China Japan wants the U.S. to agree to its southern expansion in Asia diplomatically but if those efforts were unsuccessful, Japan was prepared to go to war.

The Early Clues End of November, America intercepts codes and finds an attack in the Pacific is likely Night of Dec 6th – warning attack is imminent, message to be on high alert does not get to Hawaii until after the attack has begun

The Morning Of… 6:53 am - A submarine is detected and attacked 7 am - Radar picked up 70 miles away “well don’t worry about it” 7:33 am - Talks broken off with Japanese – message is sent to warn Honolulu Static blocks message – sent regular telegraph 7:02 a.m., two Army operators at Oahu's northern shore radar station detect the Japanese air attack approaching and contact a junior officer who disregards their reports, thinking they are American B-17 planes which are expected in from the U.S. west coas Delays prevent the alert from arriving at headquarters in Oahu until noontime (Hawaii time) four hours after the attack has already begun.

The Attacks Begin Totally unprepared First Wave Just before 8:00 am 51 dive bombers, 40 torpedo bombers, 50 high level bombers and 43 'Zero' fighters Targets = airfields & battleships Second Wave Just before 9:00 am Target = ships and shipyard facilities Ends before 10:00 am

The Damage 2,400 Americans are dead 1,200 wounded 18 ships sunk or damaged 300 aircraft damaged or destroyed ** Japanese lost 27 planes and 5 subs

It Could Have Been Worse Third attack not waged Three U.S. Pacific Fleet aircraft carriers, Lexington, Enterprise and Saratoga safe All at sea Base fuel tanks not touched

December 8, 1941 Less than an hour of discussion Only one dissent Addressed the American public for 6 minutes Dec 11th = war with Italy and Germany too

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3VqQAf74fsE – war address - FDR The Japanese launched their airplanes in two waves, approximately 45 minutes apart.    "Tora! Tora! Tora!" ("Tiger! Tiger! Tiger!") upon flying over Pearl Harbor, it was a message to the entire Japanese navy telling them they had caught the Americans totally by surprise.  353[13] Japanese fighters, bombers and torpedo planes in two waves, launched from six aircraft carriers All eight U.S. Navy battleships were damaged, with four being sunk Of these eight damaged, two were raised, and with four repaired, six battleships returned to service later in the war. The Japanese also sank or damaged three cruisers, three destroyers, an anti-aircraft training ship,[nb 4] and one minelayer U.S. aircraft were destroyed; 2,402 Americans were killed[15] and 1,282 wounded. mportant base installations such as the power station, shipyard, maintenance, and fuel and torpedo storage facilities, as well as the submarine piers and headquarters building (also home of the intelligence section) were not attacked. Japanese losses were light: 29 aircraft and five midget submarines lost, and 65 servicemen killed or wounded 8th war with Japan - secret operations to help british replaced with open Subsequent operations by the U.S. prompted Germany and Italy to declare war on the U.S. on December 11, which was reciprocated by the U.S. the same day. The defenders were very unprepared. Ammunition lockers were locked, aircraft parked wingtip to wingtip in the open to deter sabotage,[71] guns unmanned (none of the Navy's 5"/38s, only a quarter of its machine guns, and only four of 31 Army batteries got in action · Many U.S. servicemen were either still in their pajamas or eating breakfast in the mess halls when the attack on Pearl Harbor began. · U.S. servicemen identified the invading planes as Japanese because of the "meatballs," what they called the large, red circle (the Rising Sun) on the side of Japanese planes. · The Japanese hoped to destroy U.S. planes on the ground in order to minimize any counter-attack against them over Pearl Harbor or against the Japanese attack force. · The Japanese struck the airfields at Hickam Field, Wheeler Field, Bellows Field, Ewa Field, Schoefield Barracks, and Kaneohe Naval Air Station. · Many of the U.S. airplanes were lined up outside, along the airstrips, wingtip to wingtip, in order to avoid sabotage. Unfortunately, that made them easy targets for the Japanese attackers. · Unable to get more than a handful of planes in the air, individual U.S. servicemen tried to shoot down the Japanese planes from the ground. When the Japanese left Pearl Harbor at 9:45 a.m., the Americans didn't realize the attack was actually over. They expected another wave to hit. Thought war would start in the Philippines If there had been a third strike - according to American Admiral Chester Nimitz, later Commander in Chief of the Pacific Fleet, "it would have prolonged the war another two years The Tripartite Pact was an earlier agreement between Germany, Italy and Japan which had the principal objective of limiting U.S. intervention in any conflicts involving the three nations.[99] The United States Congress issued a declaration of war against Germany and Italy later that same day. Britain actually declared war on Japan nine hours before the US did, partially due to Japanese attacks on Malaya, Singapore and Hong Kong, and partially due to Winston Churchill's promise to declare war "within the hour" of a Japanese attack on the United States  Unbeknownst to Yamamoto, who conceived the original plan, the U.S. Navy had decided as far back as 1935 to abandon 'charging' across the Pacific towards the Philippines in response to an outbreak of war (in keeping with the evolution of Plan Orange).[22] The U.S. instead adopted "Plan Dog" in 1940, which emphasized keeping the IJN out of the eastern Pacific and away from the shipping lanes to Australia while the U.S. concentrated on defeating Nazi Germany  the elimination of the battleships left the U.S. Navy with no choice but to rely on its aircraft carriers and submarines—the very weapons with which the U.S. Navy halted and eventually reversed the Japanese advance.  Japanese wanted big battleship fight (Mahan)  First, it intended to destroy important American fleet units, thereby preventing the Pacific Fleet from interfering with Japanese conquest of the Dutch East Indies and Malaya Second, it was hoped to buy time for Japan to consolidate its position and increase its naval strength before shipbuilding Finally, it was meant to deliver a severe blow to American morale, one which would discourage Americans from committing to a war extending into the western Pacific Ocean and Dutch East Indies. To maximize the effect on morale, battleships were chosen as the main targets Admiral Yamamoto's intention. He originally stipulated that the attack should not commence until thirty minutes after Japan had informed the United States that peace negotiations were at an end.[54][55] The Japanese tried to uphold the conventions of war while still achieving surprise, but the attack began before the notice could be delivered. - took too long to deliver in time

Questions to Consider Does it make sense the Japanese attacked us? Should we have known?/Did we know? Was our response, a declaration of war, valid?

http://www.time.com/time/video/player/0,32068,1313122074001_2101696,00.html Footage of attack

Why did Japan attack? Strategic: refueling station, lines of communication, then take over all areas in Asia Get American involved BF prepared Underestimated US Response Give in bc did not want war Did America know?

http://images. google. com/imgres. imgurl=http://www. thepowerhour http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.thepowerhour.com/images/pearl_harbor2.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.thepowerhour.com/news2/pearl_harbor_photos1.htm&usg=__CpoaDRVia2SG0wWZyO3ysqm9O_c=&h=292&w=400&sz=19&hl=en&start=8&tbnid=DXUBDQBrJOMp8M:&tbnh=91&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3DPearl%2BHarbor%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den Great pics pearl harbor