Geography of Canada www.CraigMarlatt.com/school Plate Tectonics Geography of Canada www.CraigMarlatt.com/school

Planet Earth Geologic History Plate Tectonics Earth’s Interior Rock Cycle

Geologic History Precambrian Era Vulcanism Fault Ancient Sea Igneous Rock

Geologic History Paleozoic Era Erosion Erosion Sediments Sediments Igneous Rock

Geologic History Mesozoic Era Erosion Sediments Sediments Igneous Rock Mountains Forming

Geologic History Cenozoic Era Sedimentary Mountains Eroding Mountains Forming Sedimentary Plains APPALACHIAN MOUNTAINS PACIFIC OCEAN ROCKY MOUNTAINS Igneous Rock ATLANTIC OCEAN INTERIOR PLAINS CANADIAN SHIELD

Plate Tectonics - Continental Drift

Plate Tectonics - Continental Drift

Plate Tectonics - Continental Drift THE CONTINENTS TODAY Antarctica

Plate Tectonics - Continental Drift PROOF!

Plate Tectonics Map

Plate Tectonics Processes

Plate Tectonics Separating

Plate Tectonics Separating

Plate Tectonics Separating

Volcanoes Formed by “hot spots” in the Earth’s core. Rising heat sets the molten material of the mantle into huge circular motions As convection currents swirl, they drag pieces of the lithosphere up with them Cracks open along plate edges and magma forces its way through Play volcano forming video, insert diagram of volcanoes: pg390 geosystems

Plate Tectonics Separating

Plate Tectonics Colliding

Plate Tectonics Colliding

Plate Tectonics Sliding

Plate Tectonics Sliding

Plate Tectonics Sliding

Plate Tectonics Sliding

Plate Tectonics Sliding Less than 3.5 Generally not felt, but recorded. 3.5-5.4 Often felt, but rarely causes damage. Under 6.0 At most slight damage to well-designed buildings. 6.1-6.9 Can be destructive in areas up to about 100 kilometers across. 7.0-7.9 Major earthquake. Can cause serious damage over larger areas. 8 or greater Great earthquake. Can cause serious damage in areas several hundred kilometers across.

Earth’s Interior HYDROSPHERE ATMOSPHERE Crust - 8-64 km thick Air ATMOSPHERE Water Crust - 8-64 km thick - cold & fragile - Granite and Basalt Land LITHOSPHERE Mantle - 1800 km thick - hot & molten - Magnesium and Silicon Outer Core - 2000 km thick - 3 - 4000°C - liquid Nickel and Iron Inner Core - 1400 km thick - 5 - 6000°C - solid Nickel and Iron

Rock Cycle MAGMA Heats and melts Cools and hardens IGNEOUS METAMORPHIC Weathers, erodes, and deposits Stresses or heats SEDIMENTARY