Lesson 1: What are the types of rocks? Chapter 7 The Rock Cycle Lesson 1: What are the types of rocks?

Chapter 7-Lesson 1 Vocabulary Mineral- A solid substance that occurs naturally in rocks or in the ground. Rock- A solid substance made of one or more minerals. Igneous Rock- A type of rock that forms from melted rock that cools and hardens. (“fire) Sedimentary Rock- A type of rock that forms when layers of sediment are pressed together. Metamorphic Rock- A type of rock that forms when heat or pressure change an existing rock. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CeuYx-AbZdo

Scientist use the minerals physical properties to tell them apart Scientist use the minerals physical properties to tell them apart. They can compare the properties such as hardness and streak. Properties scientist use to identify minerals are the minerals color, hardness, luster, the color of the streak it leaves when rubbed across tile, whether its magnetic, and the size of the grains.

Two minerals that are black and brown in color: hornblende and biotite Two minerals with a shiny luster: galena and chalcopyrite Hardness, streak, magnetism are properties that are impossible to determine by just looking at a photo.

Copper is produced from the mineral chalcopyrite. Silvery galena is common mineral from which we get lead. Igneous rocks underground form slowly as magma cools; above ground, they form quickly as lava cools. Shale is Earth’s most common sedimentary rock. It forms from very fine sediments of silt and clay.

Sediment pile up in layers, gets pressed together, and then minerals carried by water move through the sediment, which causes the layers to stick together and form rock. Heat and pressure are two processes that form metamorphic rock. Gneiss is a metamorphic rock that forms from schist or granite. Metamorphic slate forms from shale or mudstone.