Plaque in superficial femoral arteries indicates generalized atherosclerosis and vulnerability to coronary death: An autopsy study Søren Dalager, MD,

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Plaque in superficial femoral arteries indicates generalized atherosclerosis and vulnerability to coronary death: An autopsy study Søren Dalager, MD, PhD, Erling Falk, MD, DMSci, Ingrid B. Kristensen, MD, William P. Paaske, MD, DMSci Journal of Vascular Surgery Volume 47, Issue 2, Pages 296-302 (February 2008) DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2007.10.037 Copyright © 2008 The Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 Localization of the predefined artery segments and 4 mm cross-sections in the coronary arteries (left anterior descending [LAD] and the right coronary artery [RCA]: six sections each), the carotid arteries (10 sections in both right and left) and superficial femoral arteries (eight sections in both right and left). Journal of Vascular Surgery 2008 47, 296-302DOI: (10.1016/j.jvs.2007.10.037) Copyright © 2008 The Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 Examples of atherosclerotic plaques (American Heart Association [AHA] lesions ≥type IV14) identified on hematoxylin and eosin stained sections from (A) the coronary arteries, (B) the carotid arteries, and (C) the superficial femoral arteries. D, Measurement of intima area on a section from a carotid artery stained with Masson’s elastic trichrome. The inner and outer circles are the luminal border and the internal elastic lamina, respectively. The intima area (= plaque area) is calculated by subtracting the inner (luminal) area from the outer area. Black bar length = 1 mm. Journal of Vascular Surgery 2008 47, 296-302DOI: (10.1016/j.jvs.2007.10.037) Copyright © 2008 The Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig 3 Relationship between age and plaque growth illustrated by scatter-plots using the mean of the two largest intimal areas (two arteries per individual) in coronary (A), carotid (B), and superficial femoral (C) arteries. The circles and triangles represent the individual data points. The lines are fitted from the original data using fractional polynomial regression analysis for better visualization of the general pattern; they should solely be interpreted as approximations. Journal of Vascular Surgery 2008 47, 296-302DOI: (10.1016/j.jvs.2007.10.037) Copyright © 2008 The Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig 4 A, Distribution of individuals by cause of death in the different age decades. B and C, Fraction of individuals with plaque by age decade in (B) noncoronary death and (C) coronary death (after the age of 40, all coronary death individuals had plaque in all three arterial beds). Journal of Vascular Surgery 2008 47, 296-302DOI: (10.1016/j.jvs.2007.10.037) Copyright © 2008 The Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions