Classification and Phylogenetics Notes

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Presentation transcript:

Classification and Phylogenetics Notes

Why Classify? To name organisms and group them in a logical manner (also called taxonomy)

Binomial Nomenclature 2 Name naming system Examples: Homo sapiens (1st word is capitalized and is the genus, 2nd word is not capitalized and is the species.); Ursus arctos (grizzly bear); Ursus maritumus (polar bear)

Why? Common names are often confused—Buzzard in England refers to a hawk, here it refers to a vulture Latin is used because it’s a dead language and cannot be changed

Carl Linneaus Came up with the naming system Classify according to biological traits, evolution and DNA Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

Using a dichotomous key Group organisms by continuously separating them into 2 categories

Phylogenetic Tree (Cladogram) a tree showing the evolutionary relationships among various biological species

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