Recognizing & Responding to Emergencies Emergency Action Steps First Aid & CPR Recognizing & Responding to Emergencies Emergency Action Steps

First Aid & CPR Introduction What are the “unusuals” we look for at emergency scenes? Sight, Sound, Odor, Appearance/Behavior What do you ask/tell a conscious person to obtain consent. Introduce, Trained, Ask to help, What you think is wrong, How you will help Practice with a partner.

First Aid & CPR Objectives Students will be able to: Understand & use the Check, Call, Care process Understand when & why to prioritize care Practice checking an unconscious person

First Aid & CPR Terminology Check, Call, Care Steps to follow in any emergency situation Signs of Life Any physical sign that would lead a first responder to believe a person has an airway, is breathing & has blood circulation Body movements or sounds

First Aid & CPR Terminology EMS Emergency Medical Service (911) Life threatening conditions Conditions from which a person could die

First Aid & CPR Terminology Recovery position Side lying position that person is placed in when they are conscious, unconscious (but show signs of life) or are likely to vomit

First Aid & CPR Emergency Action Steps What is the methodical process that the first responder should follow in providing care? CHECK-CALL-CARE

First Aid & CPR Primary Survey

First Aid & CPR Primary Survey - Check Is this scene safe to approach?

First Aid & CPR Primary Survey - Check Scene What should we be checking for at the scene? Safe vs unsafe

First Aid & CPR Primary Survey - Check Scene Anything unsafe Traffic Fire Smoke Chemical spill Gasoline spill Escaping steam Poisonous gas Downed electrical lines Extreme weather Collapsed structures Explosive areas

First Aid & CPR Primary Survey - Check Victims Check Consciousness “Hey, are you okay?” If answer, check level of orientation Person, Place, Time No answer, check level of responsiveness Pinch arm

First Aid & CPR Primary Survey - Check Victims Check for life threatening/non life threatening injury or illness

First Aid & CPR Primary Survey - Check Victims Life threatening conditions Conditions from which a person could die Unconsciousness Breathing (absent or difficult) Poisoning Choking No signs of life Persistent chest pain Severe bleeding Severe burns Shock Stroke

First Aid & CPR Primary Survey - Call Call 911 (EMS) Often the most important action you can take to help

First Aid & CPR Primary Survey - Call Give your name Address/Location What has happened Number of Victims Any Life Threatening situations Victims apparent condition What has been done Hang up last Send someone out to direct ambulance to scene

First Aid & CPR Primary Survey - Care A B C’s Airway Head Tilt, Chin Lift (Jaw Thrust) Breathing Look, Listen & Feel Circulation Carotid Pulse Monitor A B C’s & consciousness Provide specific care as necessary Until help arrives or situation resolved

First Aid & CPR Primary Survey - Care Conscious victim can answer questions & give clue to problem Unconscious victim cannot provide answers or clues First responders has to look for signs

First Aid & CPR Primary Survey - Pulse Find your own pulse Find your partner’s pulse

First Aid & CPR Primary Survey - Prioritizing Care Imagine that you come upon an accident scene, you were the only responder & there are 3 injured people. A. conscious woman – bloody, broken arm B. unconscious man C. conscious child – minor scrapes & cuts Who should be treated first? Thumbs Up or Down

First Aid & CPR Primary Survey - Prioritizing Care Who gets treated first Life threatening Most serious injuries Multiple victims with life threatening conditions? Responder has to choose

First Aid & CPR Primary Survey - Prioritizing Care Get in groups of 3 Prioritize injury/condition

First Aid & CPR Primary Survey Practice Check Scene Safe – Unsafe – Unusuals Check Victim Consciousness – Life Threatening – Non-Life Threatening Call 911 Care ABC’s

First Aid & CPR Primary Survey Practice Get in groups of 3 Practice the Primary Survey - Unconscious 1 person victim 1 person First Responder 1 person Coach Start flat on back Then make it challenging

First Aid & CPR Primary Survey Practice Check Scene Safe – Unsafe – Unusuals Check Victim Consciousness – “Hey, are you OK? Life Threatening – Airway - Breathing - Circulation Call 911

First Aid & CPR Primary Survey - Practice Care A B C’s Airway No C-Spine Injury Head Tilt, Chin Lift C-Spine Injury Jaw Thrust 26

First Aid & CPR Primary Survey - Practice Care A B C’s Breathing - 10 sec Look chest rise and fall (movement) Listen Breath sounds Feel Breath on cheek 2 rescue breaths 27

First Aid & CPR Primary Survey - Practice Care A B C’s Circulation Carotid Pulse ABC’s established Recovery position 28

First Aid & CPR Primary Survey Practice Get in groups of 3 Practice the Primary Survey - Unconscious 1 person victim 1 person First Responder 1 person Coach Practice rolling over a prone victim