Reproduction

What’s the difference? Asexual Sexual

MITOSIS We will be learning about mitosis in the next few days… but for now you should know it is the process that allows cells to reproduce asexually

Mitosis in Organisms Mitosis is the asexual reproduction of cells Mitosis happens in all organisms except bacteria. For a multicellular organisms it allows them to grow, heal, and repair damaged cells. For a unicellular organism it allows them to reproduce clones

Mitosis and Types of Asexual reproduction All types of Asexual reproduction we will be talking about today (except the type with bacteria) is made possible by mitosis

Brief overview of Mitosis Cell duplicates its DNA Cell Grows Cell Splits Two IDENTICAL cells are formed

Mitosis What is it? Who does it? What is the product The asexual reproduction of body cells Who does it? Single celled eukaryotes Eukaryotic organisms to grow and heal NOT PROKARYOTES What is the product Genetically IDENTICAL cells (full set of chromosomes) CLONE of original cell

Meiosis

MEIOSIS Meiosis is the asexual reproduction of sex cells Sex Cells= Gametes Sperm and Eggs Different from Mitosis because mitosis produces body cells with full set of chromosomes In Meiosis the amount of DNA is NOT duplicated before the split. When cells divide the genetic material is cut in half (TWO HALVES MAKE A WHOLE)

Meiosis What is it? Who does it? What is the product The asexual reproduction of sperm and egg Who does it? Any organisms that produces sexually What is the product Genetically UNIQUE cells with half the amount of DNA as an adult cell

Type: Binary Fission

Binary Fission Single cell organisms grow and split making a new creature (clone) New cell and parent are identical (same size, exact copies)

What’s your bacteria up to? Binary Fission is a VERY FAST EFFICIENT PROCESS:: One single cell of E.coli can become 10,000,000 in 12 hours if in favorable conditions

Binary Fission EVENTS: DNA replication- Segregation- Cytokinesis-

Binary Fission Who does this?? Bacteria – Similar to mitosis Except DNA not in chromosomes in a big circle. Eukaryotic single cell organisms like amoeba and paramecium Identical to mitosis

Type: Budding

Budding Organism grows an exact copy of its self off an area of its body When the clone is large enough it falls off and can live independently New organism will grow to be an identical copy of parent organism

Budding Who does it? Yeast Hydra

What’s a Hydra Freshwater animal. They are usually a few millimeters long and are best studied with a microscope.

What if Humans could reproduce by budding?? Creepy!

Type: Sporulation

Sporulation Spores released into air Once land, reproduce by mitosis New organism is identical to parent

Sporulation Who does it? Fungus Ex. mold

What if we did this?? As we shed skin cells we’d leave a trail of babies??

Type: Vegetative Propagation

Vegetative propagation When a part of a broken plant is broken off Buried and grows Matures into an adult plant through mitosis New plant is Identical to Parent

Vegetative propagation Many plants can develop from parts that are broken off intentionally by humans or separated naturally by parent plant

Vegetative Propagation Who does it? strawberry plant runners gardener puts piece of geranium leaf or potato in water to root

Type: Regeneration

Regeneration a lost or damaged part if the part regrows so that the original function is restored Some can regenerate more than others (differs from organisms to organism)

Regeneration Organism missing body part will grow a new body part but… DUN DUN DUN The body part will grow a new body!

Regeneration Who does it? Daddy Long Leggars Starfish Lizards Worms

Plants? Do plants reproduce sexually, asexually or both? Sexual or Asexual? Seeds Fruit Self Pollination Cross Pollination Vegetative Propagation HOW CAN YOU TELL?? USE THE COMPUTER TO RESEARCH EACH OF THESE TYPES OF REPRODUCTION USED BY PLANTS (take notes)

Step 2: Research this type of reproduction (notes, internet) Project Guidelines: Step 1: Looking at the below list, determine which type of asexual reproduction you will be depicting (Check with other groups because each type may only be used once; in the case of duplicates each group will receive a ZERO) Step 2: Research this type of reproduction (notes, internet) Step 3: Brainstorm how to creatively depict this type of Reproduction Step 4: Create a poster, comic book, short story, flip book, etc that depicts the type of reproduction Step 5: On the back of your work include the following Title: Type of Reproduction Description of the process of this type of reproduction Description of the offspring produced during this type of reproduction (genetics) Binary Fission Budding Sporulation Vegetative Propagation Regeneration Mitosis Meiosis