Location, Location, Location! DNA, genes, chromosomes (c) Copyright 2015 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org

(c) Copyright 2015 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org Guiding Questions How can you diagram and explain the relationship of the following components within the cell: nucleus, DNA, chromosomes, and genes. If you could create a gene that could be inherited to your children, what would your gene be and what trait would it code for? (c) Copyright 2015 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org

(c) Copyright 2015 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org Engage On your worksheet, answer question #1 on your own. If you are not sure of the answer, then write what YOU THINK the answer to question should be. Class discussion to share answers (c) Copyright 2015 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org

(c) Copyright 2015 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org Engage Form teams of 4 students Each person in the team will need the following: 6 feet of colorful yarn 1 paper clip **If there are less than 4 students in a group, then one student will get 2 pieces of yarn and 2 paper clips (c) Copyright 2015 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org

Engage Yarn and paperclips must fit into this circle   How can you fit each person’s yarn and paperclip into the center circle without wadding the yarn into a ball? (c) Copyright 2015 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org

(c) Copyright 2015 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org Student Worksheet Complete Part 1 for Question #2 If you are not sure, predict what you think is correct. *Paper clip is not part of description Class Discussion – Teams share what the parts of their model represent (c) Copyright 2015 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org

(c) Copyright 2015 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org Explore Compare the diagram with your string model, then complete Part 2 nucleus chromosome cell gene Large circle in diagram Small circle in diagram DNA Image credit: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chromosome.gif (Public Domain – National Human Genome Research) Strand of Yarn Yarn wrapped around paperclip Colored Sections of Yarn **Paper clip represents the proteins that are used to help coil DNA to create chromosomes (c) Copyright 2015 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org

(c) Copyright 2015 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org Diagram Complete #3 on your worksheet nucleus cell chromosome gene DNA Image credit: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chromosome.gif (Public Domain – National Human Genome Research) (c) Copyright 2015 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org

(c) Copyright 2015 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org Card Sort With your team, sort the cards and match the term to the definition (place terms and definitions side-by-side as shown below) TERM DEFINITION DEFINITION TERM (c) Copyright 2015 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org

(c) Copyright 2015 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org Card Sort With your team, gallery walk to view sorting from other teams. You may make changes to your sort, after viewing TERM DEFINITION DEFINITION TERM (c) Copyright 2015 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org

(c) Copyright 2015 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org Explain Smallest unit of life, found in plants and animals Largest organelle in the cell, directs activities, contains DNA Image credit: Diagram showing location of DNA: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Eukaryote_DNA-en.svg (CC BY-SA 3.0) Plant cell: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Eukaryota_cell_strucutre.PNG (public domain) Animal cell: http://monstara.deviantart.com/art/Animal-cell-49149164 (CC BY-SA 3.0) (c) Copyright 2015 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org

(c) Copyright 2015 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org Explain Shoulder partners test each other on words and definitions Smallest unit of life, found in plants and animals Largest organelle in the cell, directs activities, contains DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid, organism’s genetic material Coiled DNA Sections of DNA that code for specific traits Image credit: Diagram showing location of DNA: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Eukaryote_DNA-en.svg (CC BY-SA 3.0) Diagram showing parts of gene in a chromosome: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gene.png (public domain - National Human Genome Research Institute) (c) Copyright 2015 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org

(c) Copyright 2015 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org Think About It… What is the difference between a cell and a nucleus? What is DNA? Why is it important? What is the relationship between DNA and chromosomes? What is the importance of genes? Where are they located? (c) Copyright 2015 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org

(c) Copyright 2015 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org Bill Nye Video Bill Nye: Genes On your own paper divide your paper into 4 squares Write facts from the video about DNA. Write facts from the video about Genes. Write facts from video about chromosomes. Write facts from video about cell/nucleus (c) Copyright 2015 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org

(c) Copyright 2015 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org Bill Nye Video **Pick one of the facts you wrote from the video for each term and write it below **below is an example of facts from the video Nucleus contains chromosomes DNA spiral staircase made up of 4 chemicals Suitcase is a chromosome holding a gene 1,000 genes make up a chromosome (c) Copyright 2015 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org

(c) Copyright 2015 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org Elaborate You have heard and talked about these definitions several times, now it is your turn to write your own definition that will help you to remember them! Image credit: Diagram showing location of DNA: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Eukaryote_DNA-en.svg (CC BY-SA 3.0) (c) Copyright 2015 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org

(c) Copyright 2015 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org Elaborate Read Article: “There’s a gene for life in high-altitude Tibet” Answer #7 on your Student Worksheet. Trait gives the Tibetans an advantage over lowlanders at high altitudes. EPAS1 is a gene that makes life well suited at high altitudes and Tibetans need this gene because their homes are about 15,000 ft above sea level. The air has 40 percent less oxygen than low elevations At high elevations, more red blood cells are produced and can cause high blood pressure and strokes at high elevations. Low hemoglobin helps to prevent exposure to these diseases. EPAS1 was passed from Denisovans as a result of mating. Tibetans that had the gene lived in higher elevations and passed the gene to their descendants. Tibetan people live in high altitude areas and have inherited a gene, EPAS1, that lowers oxygen levels in their blood. (c) Copyright 2015 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org

(c) Copyright 2015 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org Evaluate Using all the information you have leaned, now answer #’s 8-11 on your Student Worksheet. Image credit: Diagram showing location of DNA: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Eukaryote_DNA-en.svg (CC BY-SA 3.0) Diagram of chromosome unravelling, showing gene: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Diagram_of_a_gene_on_a_chromosome_CRUK_020.svg (CC BY-SA 4.0) The nucleus, DNA, chromosomes, and genes contains all information for life. Nucleus is in the cell and contains DNA, chromosomes, and genes. DNA creates chromosomes when DNA coils up inside the nucleus. Sections of DNA are genes which contain heredity material information for the organism. The gene for human DNA would consist of a small section of DNA on chromosome #1. This gene would be called SGIL3 and would allow a person to extract oxygen from water to allow them to breath underwater. (c) Copyright 2015 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org