TCP/IP Networking An Example

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Presentation transcript:

TCP/IP Networking An Example Introductory material. This module illustrates the interactions of the protocols of the TCP/IP protocol suite with the help of an example. The example intends to motivate the study of the TCP/IP protocols.

A simple TCP/IP Example A user on host “Argon” makes a web access to a URL on host: http://Neon.tcpip-lab.edu/index.html What actually happens in the network?

HTTP Request and HTTP response Web browser runs an HTTP client program HTTP client sends an HTTP request to HTTP server Web server runs an HTTP server program HTTP server responds with HTTP response

From HTTP Request to Response At Argon: HTTP - > find the server: DNS (Neon name to Neon IP address) HTTP - > TCP (set up a connection to port on server (Neon) to send request) TCP -> IP (forward request across Internet – after connection setup) IP -> DataLink (send data hop by hop, across routers, over network links) DataLink -> IP (accept received data on link) IP -> TCP (extract user data) TCP -> HTTP (receive response, process user data) At Neon: IP -> TCP (extract user data, check integrity, ACK) TCP -> HTTP (process user data: create response to send to Argon) HTTP - > TCP (take response and forward back to client) TCP -> IP (send data to IP to forward across Internet) 1 2 Sending Data 5 Receiving Data 3 4

Data Path across the Network Http Request Http Response

Snapshot at Argon’s side tcpdump: listening on fxp0 16:54:51.340712 128.143.137.144.1555 > 128.143.137.11.53: 1+ A? neon.cs. (25) 16:54:51.341749 128.143.137.11.53 > 128.143.137.144.1555: 1 NXDomain* 0/1/0 (98) (DF) 16:54:51.342539 128.143.137.144.1556 > 128.143.137.11.53: 2+ (41) 16:54:51.343436 128.143.137.11.53 > 128.143.137.144.1556: 2 NXDomain* 0/1/0 (109) (DF) 16:54:51.344147 128.143.137.144.1557 > 128.143.137.11.53: 3+ (38) 16:54:51.345220 128.143.137.11.53 > 128.143.137.144.1557: 3* 1/1/2 (122) (DF) 16:54:51.350996 arp who-has 128.143.137.1 tell 128.143.137.144 16:54:51.351614 arp reply 128.143.137.1 is-at 0:e0:f9:23:a8:20 16:54:51.351712 128.143.137.144.1558 > 128.143.71.21.21: S 607568:607568(0) win 8192 <mss 1460> (DF) 16:54:51.352895 128.143.71.21.80 > 128.143.137.144.1558: S 3964010655:3964010655(0) ack 607569 win 17520 <mss 1460> (DF) 16:54:51.353007 128.143.137.144.1558 > 128.143.71.21.80: . ack 1 win 8760 (DF) 16:54:51.365603 128.143.71.21.80 > 128.143.137.144.1558: P 1:60(59) ack 1 win 17520 (DF) [tos 0x10] 16:54:51.507399 128.143.137.144.1558 > 128.143.71.21.80: . ack 60 win 8701 (DF) DNS IP to h/w (DataLink) TCP Connection setup to port on server HTTP Request