Ch. 8 – The Mole Molar Conversions

The Mole Q: how long would it take to spend a mole of $1 coins if they were being spent at a rate of 1 billion per second?

A. What is the Mole? A large amount!!!! VERY A counting number (like a dozen) Avogadro’s number (NA) 1 mol = 6.02  1023 items A large amount!!!! VERY

A. What is the Mole? HOW LARGE IS IT??? 1 mole of hockey pucks would equal the mass of the moon! 1 mole of basketballs would fill a bag the size of the earth! 1 mole of pennies would cover the Earth 1/4 mile deep!

Just How Big is a Mole? Enough soft drink cans to cover the surface of the earth to a depth of over 200 miles. If you had Avogadro's number of unpopped popcorn kernels, and spread them across the United States of America, the country would be covered in popcorn to a depth of over 9 miles. If we were able to count atoms at the rate of 10 million per second, it would take about 2 billion years to count the atoms in one mole.

The Mole 1 dozen cookies = 12 cookies 1 mole of cookies = 6.02 X 1023 cookies your turn: 1 dozen _______ = 12 _______ 1 mole of ______ = ________________ 1 dozen Al atoms = 12 Al atoms 1 mole of Al atoms = 6.02 X 1023 atoms Note that the NUMBER is always the same, but the MASS is very different! Mole is abbreviated mol (gee, that’s a lot quicker to write, huh?)

B. Molar Mass Mass of 1 mole of an element or compound. Atomic mass tells the... atomic mass units per atom (amu) grams per mole (g/mol) Round to 2 decimal places

Get out your periodic table

B. Molar Mass Examples carbon Oxygen Chlorine Hydrogen aluminum zinc 12.01 g/mol 16.00 g/mol 35.45 g/mol 1.01 g/mol 26.98 g/mol 65.39 g/mol

B. Molar Mass Examples water H2O 2(1.01) + 16.00 = 18.02 g/mol sodium chloride H2O 2(1.01) + 16.00 = 18.02 g/mol NaCl 23.00 + 35.45 = 58.45 g/mol

B. Molar Mass Examples sodium bicarbonate NaHCO3 sucrose NaHCO3 23.00 + 1.01 + 12.01 + 3(16.00) = 84.02 g/mol C12H22O11 12(12.01) + 22(1.01) + 11(16.00) = 342.34 g/mol

Mg (NO3 )2 Magnesium nitrate Mg --------------=24.31g/mol N 14.01x 2= 28.02 O 16.00 x 6= 96.00 148.33g/mol

C. Molar Conversions molar mass 6.02  1023 MOLES (g/mol) IN GRAMS MOLES NUMBER OF PARTICLES (g/mol) (particles/mol)

1. grams to moles How many moles of carbon are in 26 g of carbon? 26 g C 1 mol C = 2.16 mol C 12.01 g C

2. moles to grams How many grams of carbon are in 2.16 moles of carbon? 2.16mol C 12.01g C = 26 g C 1 mol C

3. Moles to molecules How many molecules are in 2.50 moles of C12H22O11? 1 mol 6.02  1023 molecules 2.50 mol = 1.51  1024 molecules C12H22O11

. 4. Atoms to moles Find how many moles are in of 2.1  1024 atoms of Al 2.1  1024 atoms Al 1 mol Al 6.02  1023 atoms Al = 3.49 moles Al

5. Molecules to grams Find the mass of 2.1  1024 molecules of NaHCO3. = 293 g NaHCO3

6. grams to atoms Find how many atoms are found in 12.01 grams of Carbon. 12.01g C 6.02  1023 atoms 1 mol C 1 mol C 12.01g C = 6.02  1023 atoms

7. atoms to grams If you have atoms/molecules and want grams: _____ (atoms) x 1 mole of element x Molar mass of element 6.022 x 1023 atoms 1mole of element = Grams of element

1. Molar Conversion Examples How many moles of carbon are in 26 g of carbon? 26 g C 1 mol C 12.01 g C = 2.2 mol C

2. Molar Conversion Examples How many molecules are in 2.50 moles of C12H22O11? 6.02  1023 molecules 1 mol 2.50 mol = 1.51  1024 molecules C12H22O11

3. Molar Conversion Examples Find the mass of 2.1  1024 molecules of NaHCO3. 2.1  1024 molecules 1 mol 6.02  1023 molecules 84.01 g 1 mol = 290 g NaHCO3

D. Chem Quest 1. Atomic mass unit = 1.6611  10 -24 grams Carbon 12.011amu 1.6611  10-24 grams -24 amu =1.9951x 10-23

D. Chem Quest 2. Carbon atoms Carbon atoms 12.011g 1.9951x 10-23 grams = 6.0201 x 1023 atoms

D. Chem Quest 3. Mass of Phosphorus grams 30.973 amu 1.6611x 10-24 amu = 5.1449 x 10 -23 grams

D. Chem Quest 4. Phosphorus atoms atoms 30.973grams 5.1449 x 10-23 = 6.0201 x 10 23 atoms