Bell Ringer What was trench warfare and how did it affect the progress of the Great War?

LEQ: Why will America join the Great War and what impact will it have?

Beginning of War US remained neutral Privately supported the allies Isolationism- Not being involved in foreign affairs

Reasons to Enter the War Germany started attacking all ships (unrestricted submarine warfare) Stop America from sending supplies to Britain

Reasons to Enter the War Sinking of the Lusitania 128 Americans killed Outraged Americans

Now Let’s See It! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CtnM3rDRoG8 (1:15) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9G8iU1KOjsg (6:55)

Reasons to Enter the War Germany agrees to the Sussex pledge Promise to not sink merchant vessels “without warning and without saving human lives” Germany does not keep pledge

Reasons to Enter the War Zimmerman Note Secret message from German diplomat Arthur Zimmermann to officials in Mexico Proposed that Mexico attack US

Now Let’s See It! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KKhgrCDkm0s (4)

America at War https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wbggEGUaE28

America Enters the War Selective Service Act Required men between 21 and 30 to register for draft

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g1r_XgKmEd8 (:50)

America Enters the War Discrimination Segregated armies and training camps Soldiers of race were assigned menial tasks Harlem killers?

Americans in Europe Convoy system American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) Army, National Guard, volunteer and draft soldiers

Americans in Europe Allies struggling Russia experiencing famine and civil war Needed US troops to fight immediately

Americans in Europe Helped to dig trenches US troops became a major factor in war Halted German advance Helped recapture lost land

The Economy at Home War Revenue Act of 1917 Established very high taxes to help pay for war Wealthy taxed up to 77%

The Economy at Home Borrowed money to pay for the war Liberty Bonds US citizens buy them to help pay for war Form of loan to the American gov’t from the American people

Total War Required the use of ALL of society’s resources Controlled lives of citizens

Total War Gov’t regulation of industry, fuel and food War Industries Board Authority to regulate all war materials (steel, copper, rubber)

Total War National War Labor Board Judged disputes between workers and management 8 hr workday Recognize unions Urged equal pay for women

Women and the War Women served in the army, navy and marines Nurses, typists, bookkeepers, radio operators, electricians or telegraphers The US Army Signal Corps Hello Girls Kept communication open between the front lines

Women and the War Women worked in factories that had previously been dominated by men Transformed public views of what women could do

Now Let’s See It! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lOLlDSbe4y8 (2:29) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eW9jJZVKIiE (6:45)

Influenza 1918-1919 a severe flu epidemic broke out Deadliest in US history Half of US troops in WWI died of influenza

Now Let’s See It! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lcR0TmTT6Eo (1:48) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tpzxNoLZx0w (8:23)

Public Opinion Propaganda Posters, news stories, speeches and other materials to influence opinion Used to encourage war effort

Public Opinion Americans began to distrust German things Stopped teaching German Stopped playing German music Discrimination against German Americans

Limiting Anti-War Speech Espionage Act- Punished people for aiding the enemy or refusing military duty

Limiting Anti-War Speech Sedition Act: Illegal for Americans to criticize the government, flag or military in speech or writing

Limiting Anti-War Speech Schenck v. United States Printed leaflets opposing war Convicted of violating Espionage Act Argued 1st Amendment right Supreme Court upheld his conviction of limiting freedom of speech during war