Writing & Citing Quotations & Paraphrases English 111 Sept. 16, 2014

Synthesizing Sources For the Summarizing & Responding project, you will need to accurately quote and/or paraphrase the narrative you read as well as cite those quotations and paraphrases correctly. These are skills you will continue through later projects Why is synthesizing like this necessary? Why is citing and documenting them necessary?

What is… Quotation? Paraphrase? Direct representation of the words w/ quotation marks Exact words even w/spelling or grammatical errors Same length as original unless you use an ellipses (…) or brackets [ ] Paraphrase? Restatement of exact ideas and information in new words. About the same length as the original, or longer, than original text. In your own words and writing style.

Which of the above must be cited in-text? BOTH: All knowledge or language borrowed from another source must be cited in-text to give credit to the source.

Components of a Quotation Attributive/Author Tag Quotation marks surrounding exact borrowed language In-Text Citation Attributive/ Author Tag Quotation marks surrounding exact borrowed language In-Text Citation

Components of a Paraphrase Attributive/Author Tag Paraphrased passage An In-Text Citation A paraphrased passage, approximating the exact content of original in new words & writing style. Attributive/ Author Tag In-Text Citation In-Text Citation Paraphrased passage

Basic APA In-Text Citations Last name of the author, year of publication, and page number Placement of these depends on whether author is named in sentence (See examples) Citation at end of passage is placed after quotation marks and before the period.

Basic MLA In-Text Citations Last name of the author and page number (if available) Placed at end of the passage, after quotation marks and before period. If author’s last name is noted in passage, it is not required in citation.

What does a Citation do? A citation refers readers to the Works Cited (MLA) or References (APA) at the end of the document, listed by last name of author.

What does a Citation do? It refers readers to the Works Cited (MLA) or References (APA) at the end of the document, listed by last name of author.