BIOLOGY I HONORS Mrs. Fleming WELCOME!

Confused About the Schedule? 1  2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1A 2A 3A 4A 1B 2B 3B 4B

Hall Pass Log Do not use the hall pass within the 1st 10 minutes of class. You have a limited number of hall passes- use them wisely. USE COMMON SENSE! You decide whether it is an appropriate time to leave the room. Sign in and out.

Late Work You must fill out a yellow sheet if you do not have your assignment when it is due No yellow sheet = no late work submission Each class day late = 25% off

How to take Notes…… Shorthand Don’t forget about the textbook! Cornell Outline Notecards

So what is science exactly?

What is biology?

Why do we have to learn this stuff?

What is the difference between an observation and an assumption?

We use a process called the scientific method. How do you do science? We use a process called the scientific method.

How can I remember the steps of the scientific method? Research Question Hypothesis Experiment Data Conclusions Repeat It Really Quiet Hippos Eat Dark Chocolate Repeatedly

How/Where do you do your research? Then you come up with a question.

Hypothesis How do you develop a hypothesis? __________________________________ you use reasoning to develop a hypothesis inductive reasoning broad statement formed from specific observation deductive reasoning if something is true for a class of things, it is true for all members of the class

Experiment it is used now test your hypothesis How do you design an experiment? control group vs. test group independent variable dependent variable

What about safety during an experiment? Why do we use symbols? Flammable Sign Radioactive Symbol Environmental Hazard Sign Chemical Hazard Label Toxic Chemical Sign Biohazard Label Combustible Materials Sign Recycling Sign

Data Collected during an Experiment There are 2 types of data. What are they? What axes do the variables go on?

There is math in science? this is quantitative research/data – measurements need to be: precise - the repeatability of measurement & accurate - the agreement between a measurement & the true or accepted value.

How can you distinguish between precision and accuracy?

Graphing When creating a graph you need: Title Label the axes w/ the independent & dependent variables Units Anything else?

There are different graphs for different types of information: circle graph / pie chart  for percentages bar graph  to compare line graph  for changes over time

Let’s do some examples…. Daphnia Graphing Activity

Metrics What is the name of the universal system of measurement used in science? Why do we use a universal system?

4 Basic Units measures ______ meter (m) liter (l) gram (g) second (s) The metric system uses prefixes to denote amounts…

How much are the prefixes worth? use of prefixes to denote the amount: kilo = one thousand deci = ____________ hecto = _______ centi = ___________ deca = ____________ milli = ____________ unit = ____________ micro = ___________ (although “unit” is not a prefix)

The metric system uses prefixes to denote amounts… K H D u d c m ___ µ

King Henry Died unexpectedly drinking chocolate milk ___ µ The metric system uses prefixes to denote amounts… King Henry Died unexpectedly drinking chocolate milk ___ µ

Dimensional Analysis In chemistry, they use the dimensional analysis method to arrive at the same result. Dimensional analysis requires that you know the amounts each prefix represents. Let’s use some of our previous examples to show you how to use this method.

a whole # w/ 2 decimal places Scientific Notation This is a shorthand way to write really large or really tiny numbers. It looks like: __. __ __ x 10 __ step #1  Place your decimal behind the 1st counting #. step #2  Write “x 10” behind the decimal #. step #3  Count the # of places you moved the decimal, this is your exponent. Reflect the nature of your move w/ a negative sign (less than 1) or no sign (greater than or equal to 1) raised to some power a whole # w/ 2 decimal places always times 10

Conclusions - you analyze the data to make an inference - it may not be the result you like but…

Theory How and when do conclusions become theories? How long, or how many times does an experiment have to be done, before it becomes a theory? What makes a theory different from a conclusion? What makes a theory different from a hypothesis?

Not Scientific? What kinds of questions can science not answer? What are some controversial issues in science? What are ethics? Who decides ethics?

Lab Safety Food, gum, and drinks Stools Preparing for the lab Horseplay Lab clean-up Trash & recycling Hand washing

HOMEWORK! Read Chapter #1 and continue to fill in your notes. Complete any unfinished measurement and/or conversion assignments.