Cell Growth And Division Chapter 10 Cell Growth And Division

I. Cell Growth 1) larger a cell grows,the more demands on its _______ DNA A. Limits to Cell Growth 2 reasons cells divide rather than continuing to grow indefinitely: 1) larger a cell grows,the more demands on its _______ will not be making enough copies of DNA as size increases---This would cause an information crisis. 2) difficult to move waste and nutrients across cell rate @ which waste products leave cell depends on _______________________ of cell=total area of cell membrane Surface area

rate @ which food and Oxygen are used up and waste produced depends on _____________________ RATIO OF SURFACE AREA TO VOLUME-assuming a cube shape,surface area=l x w x 6…..volume= lx w x h…. ratio = SA /volume Cell volume

Ratio of Surface Area to Volume in Cells Section 10-1 Cell Size Surface Area (length x width x 6) Volume (length x width x height) Ratio of Surface Area to Volume

Volume increases faster than surface area/CAUSING RATIO TO __________________..causing serious problems for cell decrease

B. Division of Cell -A cell divides into 2 daughter cells =_______________________________ This happens before a cell can get too large DNA ___________________before cell division,solving info crisis. Cell division replicates

II. Cell Division ***simpler in prokaryotes A. chromosomes –carries genetic info in eukaryotes made up of ____________ and proteins cells of every organism have a specific # of Chromosomes humans have___ Chromosomes fruit flies have 8 usually not visible except in cell division,when they condense ___________________before cell division 46 Replicates or copies DNA

chromatids attached @__________________,usually near middle each Chromosome consists of 2 identical __________________,which separate from each other in cell division chromatids attached @__________________,usually near middle chromatids centromere

B. Cell Cycle ________________________is in- between phase ______________________is the series of events that a cell goes through during growth and division….Where the cell grows,prepare for division,divides into 2 daughter cells interphase Cell Cycle

M= _______________________________ S= ________________________________ 4 phases M= _______________________________ S= ________________________________ G1 and G2= ________________________________________________________ Mitosis and cytokinesis Chromsomes replicate & DNA synthesis,some proteins synthesize G1=cell growth/G2= organelles and molecules produced

Figure 10–4 The Cell Cycle G1 phase M phase S phase G2 phase Section 10-2 G1 phase M phase S phase G2 phase

ANAPHASE

1) Prophase Longest phase centrioles Chromosomes become visible _______________________,2 tiny structures near nuclear envelope-separate and take positions on opposite ends of nucleus Centrosome region helps organize __________________-microtubules that help separate chromosomes Chromosomes attach to __________________________ @ end chromosomes coil tightly and nuclear envelope disappears centrioles Spindle fibers spindle

2) Metaphase- 3) Anaphase- chromosomes line up @ center Centromeres go to 2 poles 3) Anaphase- Centromeres split Chromatids separate and become individual _____________________ New chromosomes go to opposite poles and then stop moving chromosomes

4) Telophase- Chromosomes disperse into tangle of material New nuclear envelopes Spindle breaks apart Nucleolus becomes visible

D. Cytokinesis-divison of cytoplasm Usually along w/ Telophase Cell plate forms in plants that becomes the ______________________________ CELL WALL

III. _____________________= disorder in which some of the body’s cells lose the ability to regulate growth They do not respond to signals that regulate growth Divide uncontrollably,making ___________________(masses of cells) _____________=protein that regulates normal cell cycle (in eukaryotes) tumors cancer cyclins

Click a hyperlink to choose a video. Animal Cell Mitosis Videos Click a hyperlink to choose a video. Animal Cell Mitosis Animal Cell Cytokinesis Video Contents

Click the image to play the video segment. Animal Cell Mitosis Click the image to play the video segment. Video 1

Click the image to play the video segment. Animal Cell Cytokinesis Click the image to play the video segment. Video 2