Announcements Turn in your “I am a _________ cell” information with name on back side and definition of “homeostasis.” Personal info (voluntary) due Friday Group pictures in lab this week Switch to Tuesday Morning Lab? Community of Scholars Research Symposium Saturday Sept 11 from 9- noon 10 weeks paid research on topic of your choosing! Summer 2011?

Why are CBCs so important to physicians and their patients? 1QQ # 1 Name on top edge, back side of paper Answer on blank side of paper. Answer one of the following: The 200+ cell types in the human body can be classified into one of 4 cell types or tissue types. List 3 of the 4 types. List as many items that you can think of that are measured and reported in a CBC (complete blood count.) Why are CBCs so important to physicians and their patients?

A Taxonomy of Cognitive Skills for Developing Student Assignments and Assessments* *SC SDE (Pat Mohr). Adapted from Lorin W. Anderson, David R. Krathwohl et al (Eds.) A Taxonomy for Learning, Teaching, and Assessing: A Revision of Bloom’s Taxonomy of Educational Objectives  2001; modified by Ellen Goldey, Wofford College, to incorporate “Biology in Bloom,” Crowe et al., 2008, CBE – Life Sci Edu., 7: 368-381. **HOCS = higher order cognitive skills, LOCS = lower order cognitive skills. Cognitive Domain (Revised Bloom) Description   Action verbs Original Bloom’s term 1.Remember (LOCS)** Retrieve relevant knowledge Recognize, identify, recall, list, label Knowledge 2. Understand (LOCS) Describe meaning Interpret, exemplify, classify, summarize/ explain/describe in own words Comprehension 3. Apply (LOCS/HOCS) Use/apply procedures or info in novel context Execute, predict Application 4. Analyze (HOCS) Infer relationships between components or parts and bigger picture Differentiate, organize, link, attribute, infer, interpret, diagnose, compare/contrast, conclude, speculate Analysis 5. Evaluate (HOCS) Make judgments based on evidence, criteria, and standards Verify, critique, assess merit Evaluation 6. Create (HOCS) Piece together info to form novel whole; create original product Generate, plan, build, produce, design, model Synthesis

The body: A society of interdependent cells, each type with its own needs and contributions. 01.01a.jpg

The Human Body: A Society of Cells Imagine you are a cell. Ask yourself: How did I get here?  What do I do for myself? (What are my special characteristics and functions?)  What do I do for the person in whom I reside? (What are my contributions to the whole organism? To homeostasis?)  What do I need simply to survive? What do the other cells provide for me that I cannot obtain alone? What governs my actions?  How long will I live? Can I be replaced? If so, how? What would happen to the organism if I along with all the other cells of my type were to fail to function properly?

O2 pH CO2 Temp, [glucose], [Na+], [K+], [Ca++], amino acids Nucleic acids

Cell Membrane: selectively permeable Capillaries: highly permeable except to proteins

Beggar Thessaloniki, Greece Homeostasis: The relative constancy of the internal environment Steady state vs. equilibrium Beggar Thessaloniki, Greece

Street vendor Thessaloniki, Greece Homeostasis: The relative constancy of the internal environment Steady state vs. equilibrium Street vendor Thessaloniki, Greece

San woman Kalahari Desert, Botswana Homeostasis: The relative constancy of the internal environment Steady state vs. equilibrium San woman Kalahari Desert, Botswana

Camp’s Bay Beach, Cape Town, South Africa Homeostasis: Camp’s Bay Beach, Cape Town, South Africa

Phillip cooling off in waterfall, Vietnam Homeostasis: Phillip cooling off in waterfall, Vietnam

~37oC

Homeostasis Regulated via reflex arcs and naturally maintained by the process of negative feedback Measurement Which physiological variables? Averages and ranges

Fig. 01.08 Diurnal cycles Awake Awake Sleep Sleep 01.08.jpg Major point: Set points are not absolute!

An example of homeostasis by negative feedback. Thermoregulation An example of homeostasis by negative feedback.

The Challenge: # 1: Melt these 7 ice cubes as fast as possible. How to do it? # 2: Make these 7 ice cubes last as long as possible? How to do it? These are non-living objects: heat exchanges with the environment but they don’t generate heat from metabolism as living things do!

~37oC Conduction Convection Evaporation Radiation Metabolism generates heat. Metabolism is variable! In steady state: Heat gain = Heat loss

~37oC Modes of Heat Exchange: Conduction Convection Radiation Evaporation ~37oC

~37oC Modes of Heat Exchange: Conduction Convection Radiation Evaporation ~37oC

~37oC Modes of Heat Exchange: Conduction Convection Radiation Evaporation ~37oC

http://www.nws.noaa.gov/os/windchill/windchillglossary.shtml