It’s what the world is made of. Matter: Here are some notes It’s what the world is made of.
What is matter? Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space.
What do you know about matter? Gases Plasma Solids Liquids
Solids Solids have definite shape Have definite volume. Solids have mass. Solids take up space. Read more!
Particles in Solids: Are packed tightly together Have very little energy Vibrate in place
Liquids Liquids take the shape of their container Have definite volume. Liquids have mass. Liquids take up space. Read more!
Particles in Liquids: Are loosely packed Have medium energy levels Particles flow around each other
Gases Gases spread out to fill the container They do not have definite volume. Gases have mass. Gases take up space. Read more!
Particles in Gases: Move freely Have LOTS of energy
Plasma Lightning is a plasma. Used in fluorescent light bulbs and Neon lights. Plasma is a lot like a gas, but the particles are electrically charged. Read more!
Particles in Plasma: Are electrically charged Have EXTREMELY high energy levels
States of Matter Definite Volume? Definite Shape? Solid Liquid Gas Result of a TemperatureIncrease? Definite Volume? Definite Shape? Will it Compress? Small Expans. Solid YES YES NO Small Expans. Liquid NO NO YES Large Expans. Gas NO NO YES
Three Main Phases
Condense Freeze Melt Evaporate Solid Liquid Gas
Copper Phases - Solid
Copper Phases - Liquid
Copper Phases – Vapor (gas)
4th state: Plasma - formed at high temperatures; ionized phase of matter as found in the sun
What would it take for matter to move from one state to another? STATES of matter? What would it take for matter to move from one state to another?
Energy determines the state!
Add or Subtract Energy. . . When energy is added, particles move faster! When energy is taken away, particles move slower!
What will happen? Why? Here are some notes
Solid + Energy = ? When energy is added to solids, they become liquids! Examples?
Liquid + Energy = ? When energy is added to liquids, they become gases! What examples can you think of?
Changing States State change Phase change Physical change There are several names for matter changing states: State change Phase change Physical change
So, did we get something new? Ice cream and melted ice cream? Chocolate and melted chocolate? Ice, water, and water vapor? Steel and molten steel?
Review Questions What state of matter has definite volume and definite shape? Describe the properties of liquids. Describe the differences between gases and plasma. What is needed for states of matter to change phase?