Developments at OECD: regional well-being PROJECT and city indicators Working party on regional statisTics and Rural DevelopmeNt: Eric Gonnard OECD Public Governance and Territorial Development Directorate Luxembourg 30-09/01-10-2013y

How’s life in your region? The project focuses on: Measuring the “right” things (offering a framework and indicators) Helping citizens and policymakers to assess the results of policies & monitor progress (using indicators)

Why regional well-being indicators for policy making? Regional disparities in unemployment rates, 2012 There are not only important regional differences in key factors driving population’s wellbeing, such as unemployment… but also the perception of the population varies across types of regions. People’s trust in different size of cities, 2009

1. Measuring the “right” things 1. Measuring the “right” things 2. Assessing results 1. Measuring the “right” things Example of Newcastle (UK): ranks high among UK regions in terms of health service provision, but underperforms in terms of health status => “we are clearly not measuring the right things” Reality Indicators Need to help policymakers to identify their targets more effectively & to better understand why some places have more resilience, inclusive growth, trust etc. than others What can the OECD project offer? A common framework of domains & indicators… … at the most relevant geographic scales possible

What do we mean with measuring well-being? 1. Measuring the “right” things 2. Assessing results What do we mean with measuring well-being? Multidimensional (material conditions and quality of life) and multilevel (not only individual but also places’ characteristics) Focus on results (and outcome indicators) and dynamics (trends and trajectories of indicators). It should be measured where it matters. It is strongly influenced by governance. Sustainable community = economically viable

A common framework of domains & indicators measured at OECD TL2 level 1. Measuring the “right” things 2. Assessing results A common framework of domains & indicators measured at OECD TL2 level Income - Regional household disposable income (Regional Database) - Mean & median disposable income (STD) - Gini (within regions, STD) - Relative poverty (2 thresholds: 50% and 60% of national median income, STD) - Headcount ratio before and after taxes and transfers (STD) Jobs - Unemployment (long-term and youth unemployment) - Part-time employment - Women participation rate Education - Educational attainments (% of labour force with at least secondary education) - PISA (Not all OECD countries) Health - Life expectancy - Infant mortality rate Environment - Air quality (exposure to PM10) - Loss of forest and vegetation Security - Murder rate - Car theft rate Accessibility to services - Access to green spaces - Broadband connection - Physicians per capita 6

1. Measuring the “right” things 2. Assessing results Helping citizens & policymakers to assess the results of policies & to monitor progress How can measures of well-being contribute to improving the design & implementation of regional policies? What can the OECD project offer? Link between local & national policies Guidance on the process of using well-being measures Case studies in US, Mexico and Europe: peer reviews of policy evaluation

Case studies 1. Measuring the “right” things 2. Assessing results Unit of analysis Focus Composite index Newcastle (UK) Urban area Health: Improving the health status of the population No Rome (ITA) Province (TL3) Multidimensional: Index with 12 dimensions (8 dimensions from OECD + their own 4 dimensions) Yes Sardegna (ITA) Region (TL2) Tourism and Material deprivation: Indicators used forthe EU 2014-2020 programming period Southern Denmark (DNK) Multidimensional: health, security, relationships, self-fulfilment and surroundings Washington D.C. (USA) Many urban areas of different sizes Transport, Environment and Housing; Partnership for sustainable communities Morelos (MEX) State (TL2) Regional economic development (security and material well-being) Northern Netherlands (NLD) Demographic/health transitions, and governance/participation transitions

Guidance on the process of “making” & using well-being measures… 1. Measuring the “right” things 2. Assessing results Guidance on the process of “making” & using well-being measures… Translate policy goals into well-being dimensions Consultation process Choose indicators Identify baselines & expected results Evaluate trends & potential of a place Communicate progress & results

Timeline of the project Kick-off workshop “Measuring well-being to enhance regional policy” at WPTI session First draft of case studies to local teams & general report to experts network First set of well-being indicators in OECD Regions at a Glance 2013 Field missions for case studies June 2012 October 2012 December 2012 March - July 2013 June 2013 November 2013 December 2013 Presentation of project at the 4th Global Forum on well-being & progress of societies (New Delhi ) WPTI session “Measuring well-being in regions & cities”: safety, health & transport measures TDPC/WPTI workshop “Accessibility to services in regions & cities: measures & policies” WORKSHOP with expert network to discuss draft of the report & case studies Discussion & approval of the report at WPTI session Web portal with regional indicators of well-being Launch of the report 23 January 2014 April 2014 June 2014 July 2014

CURRENT WORK ON CITIES AT THE OECD

Methodology applied to 29 OECD countries, same methodology as EC Chile Classification of urban areas into four “types” according to population size small urban areas, with a population below 200 000 people; medium-sized urban areas, with a population between 200 000 and 500 000 people; metropolitan areas, with a population between 500 000 and 1.5 million people; large metropolitan areas, with a population of 1.5 million or more. 18 5 Valparaíso Concepción Santiago Total 26 FUA  which concentrate 72.3% of the national population

Economic and innovation Territorial organisation Indicators in the metro database (for functional urban areas > 500 000 inhab.) Urban form Demographic Economic and innovation Labour Environment Territorial organisation Social -Total Area -Urbanised area (share and change) -Polycentricity -Concentration of population in core areas - Sprawl index - Population (level and growth) - Population density - GDP (level and growth) - GDP per capita (level and change) - Patents application - Employment (level and change) - Employment rate - Labour force (level and change) - Air pollution - CO2 emissions per capita - Co2 emissions from transport and energy sector - Local units - Local units in core area - Territorial fragmentation - Unempl. (total and change) - Unempl. rate Population by age Mobility and migration Education and skills Employment by sector Transport (modal share) Income Crime statistics (motor vehicles theft, reported murders) ALREADY AVAILABLE FUTURE INDICATORS

Metropolitan eXplorer http://measuringurban.oecd.org

Metropolitan eXplorer

Thank you! eric.gonnard@oecd.org