Blood

Blood Artery White blood cells Platelets Red blood cells

Composition of blood Blood transports materials through out the body inside blood vessels.

Function Blood Deliver O2 Remove metabolic wastes Maintain temperature, pH, and fluid volume Protection from blood loss- platelets Prevent infection- antibodies and WBC Transport hormones

Blood Plasma-55% Buffy coat-<1% Formed elements-45%

Blood Plasma Components-55% 90% Water 8% Solutes: Proteins Albumin (60 %) Alpha and Beta Globulins Gamma Globulins fibrinogens Gas Electrolytes

Buffy Coat- <1% Platelets Leukocytes

Formed Elements of the Blood-45% Erythrocytes (red blood cells) Leukocytes (white blood cells) Platelets (thrombocytes)

Blood Cell Production

RBC Diseases Anemia- when blood has low O2 carrying capacity; insufficient RBC or iron deficiency. Factors that can cause anemia- exercise, B12 deficiency

Types of Leukocytes Granulocytes Neutrophils- 40-70% Eosinophils- 1-4% 4,000-11,000 cells/mm 3 Never let monkeys eat bananas Granulocytes Neutrophils- 40-70% Eosinophils- 1-4% Basophils- <1% Agranulocytes Monocytes- 4-8% Lymphocytes- 20-45%

Lymphocyte Eosinophil Basophil platelet Neutrophil Monocyte

Blood Types Type A Type B Type AB Type O

Blood Typing Blood type is based on the presence of 2 major antigens in RBC membranes-- A and B Blood type Antigen Antibody A A anti-B B B anti-A A & B AB no anti body Neither A or B O anti-A and anti-B Antigen- protein on the surface of a RBC membrane Antibody- proteins made by lymphocytes in plasma which are made in response to the presence of antigens. They attack foreign antigens, which result in clumping (agglutination)

Type A b b b b b b b

Type B a a a a a a a

Type O a b a a a b b a a b

Type AB

Leukemia Form of cancer in which the bone marrow makes too many white blood cells.