Parazoa no true tissues Radiata Bilateria Eumetazoa Parazoa no true tissues Multicellularity

Quiz (Champaca) What is the literal meaning of Platyhelminthes? A muscular tube used to suck food into the gastrovascular cavity. Platyhelminthes depend on what process to respire? What is the term used to describe the three germ layers? True or False: Platyhelminthes can be parasitic.

Phylum Platyhelminthes Flatworms with tissues  organ systems triploblastic bilaterally-symmetric with cephalization acoelomates Pseudocerus sapphirinus Pseudobiceros bedfordi Phrikoceros sp. Acanthozoon sp. Marine flatworms of the Philippines from http://www.rzuser.uni-heidelberg.de/

Phylum Platyhelminthes Feeding in free-living flatworms carnivores or detritivores incomplete digestive system highly-branched GVC pharynx external  internal digestion, diffusion http://www.southtexascollege.edu/nilsson/4_GB_Lecture_figs_f/4_GB_23_AnimaliaInvert_Fig_f/Platyhelminthes_Planaria_2.GIF

Phylum Platyhelminthes Feeding in parasitic flatworms feed on blood, tissue fluids, pieces of cells within host no need for complex digestive system Clonorchis sinensis (human liver fluke) Taenia saginata (beef tapeworm) http://www.esu.edu/~milewski/intro_biol_two/lab__10_platy_nemat/images/clonorchis.jpg, http://www.microbeworld.org/images/stories/twip/clonorchis_lifecycle.jpg

Phylum Platyhelminthes Respiration, circulation, excretion diffusion flame cells - remove nitrogenous metabolic wastes and excess H2O http://faculty.uca.edu/johnc/PlanarianPronephr.gif

Phylum Platyhelminthes Response ganglia nerve cords (ladder-like) eyespots sensory cells

Phylum Platyhelminthes Movement Muscles Ventral epidermal cilia + mucus http://mlitvaitis.unh.edu/K-12Primer/muscles.jpg

Phylum Platyhelminthes Reproduction Free-Living Fission and regeneration Hermaphroditism and cross-fertilization http://images.tutorvista.com/content/reproduction/fragmentation-in-planaria.jpeg, http://users.design.ucla.edu/~tatsuyas/classes/152BC/ex3/planaria.jpg, http://www.visualdiving.com/pics/uw962_35.jpg

Phylum Platyhelminthes Reproduction Parasitic Complex life cycles with both asexual and sexual reproduction (Schistosoma japonicum) http://siera104.com/images/bio/flatroundrotifers/shistomsoma.jpg

Phylum Platyhelminthes Class Turbellaria free-living flatworms Dugesia Class Trematoda flukes Schistosoma Class Cestoda Tapeworms Taenia Diphyllobothrium http://www.e-cleansing.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/laiuss1.jpg

Tapeworm structures Long, flat, parasitic worms Structure Scolex: head w/ suckers, hooks Proglottids: body segments that produce both sperm and egg http://www.ohiohealth.com http://www.ohiohealth.com, http://www.marlin.ac.uk/images/taxonomy_descriptions/Cestoda.jpg

http://www.dpd.cdc.gov/dpdx/images/ParasiteImages/S-Z/Taeniasis/Taenia_LifeCycle.gif

Phylum Nematoda Roundworms with tissues  organ systems “tube within a tube” triploblastic bilaterally-symmetric with cephalization pseudocoelomates http://mycozynook.com/18_3bodyplanp.jpg , http://sharon-taxonomy2009-p2.wikispaces.com/file/view/nematode.gif/99304909/nematode.gif

Phylum Nematoda Feeding in nematodes carnivores/ detritivores or parasites complete digestive system internal digestion, diffusion http://images.tutorvista.com/content/animal-kingdom/roundworm-anatomy.jpeg

Phylum Nematoda Respiration, circulation, excretion diffusion through epidermis and cuticle with an excretory canal and pore http://images.tutorvista.com/content/animal-kingdom/roundworm-anatomy.jpeg

Phylum Nematoda Response circular nerve ring  primitive brain dorsal and ventral nerve cords

Phylum Nematoda Movement muscles hydrostatic skeleton http://www.baileybio.com/plogger/images/ap_biology/animal_diversity_project_-_must_cite_your_textbook_/nematoda_2.jpg

Phylum Nematoda Reproduction Sexual: Internal fertilization Asexual: Parthenogenesis unfertilized egg develops into an adult organism without sperm fertilization http://sharonapbio-taxonomy.wikispaces.com/file/view/nematode.jpg/50864359/nematode.jpg, http://www.mansfield.ohio-state.edu/~sabedon/black11_files/image023.jpg

Phylum Nematoda Reproduction Parasitic Complex life cycles (Trichinella spiralis) http://siera104.com/images/bio/flatroundrotifers/shistomsoma.jpg

Phylum Nematoda Reproduction Parasitic Complex life cycles Filarial worms (Brugia malayi) threadlike blood and lymph vessels of birds and mammals vector: biting insects with symbiotic bacteria Wolbachia

Phylum Nematoda Reproduction Parasitic Complex life cycles Ascaris spp. causes malnutrition in >1B people http://www.metapathogen.com/IMG/ascaris-life-cycle.png

Phylum Nematoda Reproduction Parasitic Complex life cycles Hookworms Infects ~1/4 of the world’s population