EUKARYOTIC CELL ORGANELLE REVIEW

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EUKARYOTIC CELL ORGANELLE REVIEW HETEROTROPHIC FUNGI HETEROTROPHIC PROTIST/ANIMALS AUTOTROPHIC PROTISTS/PLANTS

Heterotrophic cells: vacuoles(or vesicles) are used for transport of nutrient or waste Autotrophic cells: large central vacuole is used for water storage needed for photosynthesis provides turgor pressure When the large central vacuole is full of water it also helps in the support of a plant because it pushes the contents of the cell against the cell wall(turgor pressure) Heterotrophic cells have CENTRIOLES which are used during mitosis The non-living CELL WALL is made of the carbohydrate cellulose and acts as support CELL WALL: support CHLOROPLASTS: the site of photosynthesis CENTRAL VACUOLE: water storage and support The CHLOROPLAST is the plastid and photosynthesis takes place here The GOLGI in heterotrophs is where proteins and other cellular molecules are processed in autotrophs it also constructs the cellulose for the cell wall The LYSOSOMES contain enzymes used to digest molecules in the vesicles

The MITOCHONDRIA are the site of energy conversion to produce ATP Folding in biological structures increases surface area so more gets done in a smaller space The RIBOSOMES are necessary in the process of protein synthesis NUCLEOLUS: site of ribosome synthesis CHROMATIN: is DNA and forms the chromosomes They allow RNA, manufactured in the NUCLEUS, to enter the cytoplasm Most animals have some form of internal or external support for the entire organism Microfilaments used as cytoskeleton or locomotion, microtubules primarily for transport CILIA/FLAGELLA both are microtubules that extend from the cell membrane for locomotion. Cilia are short and cover the cell surface whereas a flagella is a collection of longer filaments that form a tail-like structure