Stellar Mass.

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Presentation transcript:

Stellar Mass

Alcor Mizar (Binary star) Ursa Major

Gravitational Orbits Animation

Binary star (system): two stars orbiting a common center of mass (CM). 1 r1 r2 CM 2 r2 = 3 AU, r1 = 1 AU 

Kepler’s laws apply here . . . Yuk! P: years a: AU M: Solar Masses

a = r1 + r2 = 4 AU Suppose: P = 8 yrs . . . 1 M

“Seeing” Binary Stars Visual Binary: Two stars seen in telescope e.g., Mizar Albireo

Sirius A & B A B

0.0034 L 0.16 M  Distance = 13 ly P = 44.6 yrs a = 9.5 AU A B Kruger 60 L M A B 0.01 L 0.0034 L 0.28 M  0.16 M 

2. Spectroscopic Binary: Motion of stars detected via Doppler shift of spectrum lines. Mizar Each star is itself binary!

Earth * Doppler shift * No Doppler shift

Spectroscopic Binary Animation

Eclipsing Binary: Stars mutually eclipse each other. * No eclipse * Eclipse Earth

Binary ‘light curve’ Brightness Time ½ orbit period

Eclipsing Binary Animation

Binary Statistics * At least 50% of all stars reside in binaries. * The sun is apparently a loner!

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