Safe Sexual Relationships Planning 10 Mr Hakeem Contraceptives Safe Sexual Relationships Planning 10 Mr Hakeem

HORMONAL CONTRACEPTIVES

Contraceptive Patch Acts very similarly to the pill; however, this beige patch releases hormones of estrogen and progestin into the bloodstream ADVANTAGES: Highly effective (99%) Can place the patch almost anywhere Only change once a week It sticks 98% of the time DISADVANTAGES: Cannot be worn for more than 7 days MUST be changed on “Patch change day” Do not use any body products near the patch or where you’ll be applying it Doesn’t protect against STI’s.

Oral Contraceptive Pill Also known as birth control; it prevents the ovary from releasing an egg. ADVANTAGES: Highly effective (99%) Reversible Ease the menstrual cycle Also help in skin and hair problems Aid in PMS and menstrual migraines DISADVANTAGES: Potential side effects Does not protect against STI’s Effectiveness can be reduced Must be taken everyday a the same time

Vaginal Ring: Nuva Ring It is a soft & flexible ring; is inserted into a woman’s vagina manually and releases preventative hormones; works like the pill ADVANTAGES: -99.7% effective if used correctly - Doesn’t interrupt sexual intercourse. -Helpful for those who have a hard time remembering to take te pill everyday. -One ring provides contraception for a month. -Use of the ring may ease premenstrual symptoms; bleeding will probably be lighter and less painful. DISADVANTAGES: Does not protect against STI’s The ring can come out on it’s own May cause side effects such as nausea, breast tenderness or soreness, unscheduled bleeding or headaches. May not be suitable for women who are breastfeeding. Can’t be used if you are over 35 and smoke.

OTHER HORMONAL CONTRACEPTIVE OPTIONS... Injectable contraception- Depo Provera Shot (99% effectiveness) Injected only with progestin, not estrogen Can be used during breastfeeding Needed only every 13 to 14 weeks Usage of 2 or more years can cause bone loss Causes minor weight gain Fertility may not return for 6 to 8 months after stopping the medicine As well as, Intrauterine Contraception (IUC)

DEVICE-BASED NON-HORMONAL CONTRACEPTIVES

Female Condom ADVANTAGES: DISADVANTAGES: Highly effective (95%) Prevents sexually transmitted diseases Available without prescription Can be inserted up to 8 hours before intercourse DISADVANTAGES: Noticeable during sex Sometimes difficult to insert or use Can break or leak More expensive than a male condom Can only be used once

Contraceptive Sponge DISADVANTAGES: ADVANTAGES: Sponges have an expiration date Can be difficult to remove May increase urinary track infection or cause vaginal inflammation Does not protect against STI’s Many people complain of a “numbing effect” due to the sponge. May cause vaginal irritation ADVANTAGES: 86% effective Provides 12 hour protection Can be obtained at most drugstores Can be inserted up to an hour before sexual intercourse. Does not require fitting with a health proffessional

Spermicide ADVANTAGES: Highly effective when used with other contraceptives (upto 97%) Kills sperm on contact Easy to use/ easy to get No perscription or fitting required DISADVANTAGES: Must be used correctly & with other contraceptives to be effective (70% when used alone) Does not prevent STI’s Must discontinue if slight irritation or genital tissue tear occurs Some spermicides can leak or be messy.

Diaphragm ADVANTAGES: 94% effective Can be placed hours before sex Partial protection against STIs. Not felt by either partner during sexual intercourse. DISADVANTAGES: Take you some time to get used to it Rubber can causes irritation Should NOT be left in for 24 hours; risk of an allergic reaction or toxic shock syndrome. (similar to tampons) You need to reapply spermicide for sex that’s more than three hours after you've inserted it

Cervical Cap Vs. Diaphragm

Tubal ligation/Occlusion & Vasectomy PERMANENT CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS (SURGICAL) Tubal ligation/Occlusion & Vasectomy

EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTIVES

LINKS: Birth Control Pill: Side Effects, Effectiveness, How the Pill Works, and Types." WebMD. WebMD, n.d. Web. 10 Jan. 2017. <http://www.webmd.com/sex/birth-control/birth-control-pills#1>."Advantages and Disadvantages of the Birth Control Shot." Advantages and Disadvantages of the Birth Control Shot | Michigan Medicine. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Jan. 2017. <http://www.uofmhealth.org/health-library/tw9515>. "Non-Hormonal Contraception." Sex & U. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Jan. 2017. <http://www.sexandu.ca/contraception/non-hormonal-contraception/>. "Vaginal Ring." Choosing a Birth Control Method: Vaginal Ring. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Jan. 2017. <https://www.arhp.org/Publications-and-Resources/Quick-Reference-Guide-for-Clinicians/choosing/Vaginal-Ring>. "Hormonal Contraception." Sex & U. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Jan. 2017. <http://www.sexandu.ca/contraception/hormonal-contraception/#tc4>. "Female Condom - Its Advantages & Disadvantages." Female Condom - Its Advantages & Disadvantages. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Jan. 2017. <http://call-life.com/index.php?content=19&healtharticleid=228>. "Effectiveness Rate of Birth Control Methods-Topic Overview." WebMD. WebMD, n.d. Web. 11 Jan. 2017. <http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/tc/effectiveness-rate-of-birth-control-methods-topic-overview>. "Advantages and disadvantages of vaginal sponge." Advantages and disadvantages of vaginal sponge. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Jan. 2017.<http://www.yourcontraception.com/birth-control-methods/vaginal-contraception/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-vaginal-sponge.html>. "The Contraceptive Diaphragm." The Contraceptive Diaphragm - How Does It Work ? | DrEd. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Jan. 2017. <https://www.dred.com/uk/contraceptive-diaphragm.html>. http://www.yourcontraception.com/birth-control-methods/vaginal-contraception/difference-between-cervical-cap-and-diaphragm.html