Civil War: End of War

Union’s Plan to End the War x Meade Grant was put in charge of the Union army in the east after Vicksburg fell. Plan= Capture Richmond Grant

Union’s Plan to End the War William Tecumseh Sherman was given Union command in the West Plan= March across the deep South Practice Total War destroying all civilian and economic resources to weaken the enemy Sherman

Leading up to the Election of 1864

Grant could not capture Richmond Sherman could not capture Atlanta, Georgia North moral drops Lincoln re-election chances did not look good

Sherman’s March Union needed to break the South’s will to fight Burned Atlanta, GA- Nov. 1864 TOTAL WAR Sherman

TOTAL WAR Sherman’s March Marched across Georgia burning cities and crops Sherman’s “March to the Sea” Marched through North and South Carolina tearing up railroad tracks and killing livestock Sherman TOTAL WAR

Lincoln wins re-election

“With malice toward none; with charity for all; with firmness in the right, as God gives us to see the right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in; to bind up the nation’s wounds; to care for him who shall have borne the battle, and for his widow, and his orphan — to achieve and cherish a lasting peace among ourselves and with the world. to do all which may achieve and cherish a just, and a lasting peace, among ourselves, and with the world...” - Abraham Lincoln, Second Inaugural Address, March 4, 1865

Richmond Falls April 2, 1865- Grant captures Petersburg, VA Confederate leaders evacuate Richmond and burn the city. April 4, 1865- Union now controls Richmond

Appomattox Courthouse April 9, 1865- War ends Lee surrendered to Grant at a home in Appomattox Courthouse, VA Union won the war!!!

APPOMATTOX COURT-HOUSE, VA. April 9, 1865 General R. E. LEE: In accordance with the substance of my letter to you of the 8th instant, I propose to receive the surrender of the Army of Northern Virginia on the following terms, to wit: Rolls of all the officers and men to be made in duplicate, one copy to be given to an officer to be designated by me, the other to be retained by such officer or officers as you may designate. The officers to give their individual paroles not to take up arms against the Government of the United States until properly exchanged; and each company or regimental commander sign a like parole for the men of their commands. The arms, artillery, and public property to be parked and stacked, and turned over to the officers appointed by me to receive them. This will not embrace the side-arms of the officers, nor their private horses or baggage. This done, each officer and man will be allowed to return to his home, not to be disturbed by U. S. authority so long as they observe their paroles and the laws in force where they may reside. U.S. GRANT, Lieutenant-General Surrender Terms at Appomattox, 1865

Appomattox Courthouse Surrender Terms: Confederates could keep their horses Weapons would be turned over, but officers could keep their sidearm's Confederates could go home Grant even instructed his men not to celebrate and gave food to Lee’s men

Effects of War Slaves were freed $$ Billions spent $$ Union was saved South was destroyed Lives lost (620,000)