Who are they? Ch. 1

What do you call them? What they called themselves: What European Explorers called them: Haudenosaunee Iroquois Nehiyawak [Nay-hi-uh-wuk] Cree Wendat [Wah-n-dot] Huron Mi’kmaq Micmac Anishinabe Had many tribes - Ojibwe, Chippewa, Mississauga, Bungi and Saulteaux

Types of Aboriginals First Nations -first people of the land in North America, along with the Inuit 1970s - replaced the words “Indian” and “Band” Inuit - many different peoples that live in coastal regions, the Arctic, and Greenland Metis - mixed blood of a child of an Aboriginal mother and a European father

Your turn! Using your textbook and the rest of this PowerPoint (on weebly) compare and contrast the, Haudenosaunee, Mi’kmaq, and Anishinabe

Mi’kmaq- Micmac Tribe Location: Modern day - Nova Scotia Prince Edward Island (PEI) New Brunswick Gaspe Peninsula, Quebec

Mi’kmaq- Micmac Tribe Hunter-Gathers: -They got food by hunting, fishing, and gathering food - They felt close to Earth “Mother Earth” - the creator “Kisulk” made humans equal to nature - they treated all living and nonliving things with respect

Mi’kmaq- Micmac Tribe Housing: Clans - small villages of extended family Since they were family they shared food and co-operated with each other They shared their food and resources Each clan was given specific land to hunt, fish, and live on

Mi’kmaq- Micmac Tribe Government: Grand Council (7 Chiefs) -> Elders & Local Chiefs -> the people Leaders did not tell the people what to do Leaders helped the people reach an agreement Everyone was listened to The issue was discussed A consensus was taken - a majority had to agree

Mi’kmaq- Micmac Tribe Role of Women: Women were important! They hunted small animals and gathered food Cooked, took care of the children Participated in government

The Haudenosaunee or also known as the Iroquois Who are they? Six different First Nations Tribes Mohawk Oneida [oh-NY-duh] Cayuga [kay-OO-guh] Seneca [SEN-uh-kuh] Tuscarora [TUS-kuh-ror-ruh]

The Haudenosaunee or also known as the Iroquois Common Beliefs: For everyone to understand what is going on Remember future generations -> take care of the earth Make decisions by consensus (vote) Sharing the labour and the benefits (food, housing, medicine, clothes) They shared everything! Duty to the family and the “Iroquois Confederacy” Equality in gender and age

The Haudenosaunee or also known as the Iroquois Location: South or North of the St. Lawrence river along and lake Ontario Language: Algonquin Game: Lacrosse https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yIs3aiFrTQc - Start at and watch from 3 min-4:08 min

The Haudenosaunee or also known as the Iroquois Housing: Long houses With entire family Many generations in one house Each family had their own animal symbol A few families would share a house This could be up to 100 people!!

The Haudenosaunee or also known as the Iroquois The original farmers: They hunted and fished The Three Sisters Corn, beans, and squash Always planted together Grew many crops After the harvest the women handed it out to everyone - starting with the children, elders, women, then finally men

The Haudenosaunee or also known as the Iroquois Government: The Iroquois Confederacy An alliance between the tribes Decisions by voting

The Haudenosaunee or also known as the Iroquois Role of Women: Women were the head of the family Clan When you get married you go to live with the wife’s family Well respected Chose the location of a new village Decided what to farm and where To make war or peace Immigration Main role in ceremonies Helped troubled people and children

The Anishinabe Tribe - the Ojibwe View on life: Wisdom - gain knowledge Love - to know peace Respect - to honour creation Anishinabe means “the people”

The Anishinabe Tribe - the Ojibwe Housing: teepees made out of Wooden poles and wrapped in birchbark

The Anishinabe Tribe - the Ojibwe Location: Great Lakes Region

The Anishinabe Tribe - the Ojibwe Government: Each village was a different family (clan) They looked after their own affairs Each clan had two leaders Loon - looked after matter in the community Crane - dealt with things outside the community between different clans Both worked together

The Anishinabe Tribe - the Ojibwe Role of Women: Were considered equal to men Very important as they took care of the children, the house, worked in the fields/hunted and gathered