Determination of the thermal conductivity of a metal

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Presentation transcript:

Determination of the thermal conductivity of a metal

Objectives To find the thermal conductivity of a metal. To learn how use a device and learn all component in the device.

Introduction Conduction is the transfer of energy from the more energetic particles of a substance to the adjacent less energetic as a result of interactions between the particles. Conduction can take place in solids, liquids or gases.

In gases and liquids, conduction is due to the collisions and diffusion of the molecules during their random motion. In solids it is due to the combination of vibrations of the molecules in a lattice and the energy transport by free electrons.

Fourier’s law of heat conduction Rate of heat conduction ∝ [(Area) (Temperature difference)]/ Thickness 𝑄 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑 = - KA (ΔT / Δx), Where, K is the thermal conductivity, W / (m.oC) A is the area of the medium, m2 ΔT is the temperature medium, oC Δx is the thickness, m

From the equation of Fourier’s law of heat conduction, thermal conductivity k can be determined as k= ( 𝑄 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑 *L) / [ (T1 –T2) (A)]

Thermal conductivity Thermal conductivity of a material can be defined as the rate of heat transfer through a unit thickness of the material per unit area per unit temperature difference. The thermal conductivity is a measure of the ability of the material to conduct heat. A high value of thermal conductivity indicates that the material is a good heat conductor and a low value indicates that the material is a poor heat conductor or insulator.

The thermal conductivities of some materials at room temperature

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Drawing a relationship between power and thermal conductivity