How The Age of Exploration affected the history of Latin America Map of the known World, pre-1492

European Countries that were involved At the beginning mainly Spain and Portugal (Brazil) Portugal sailed South, while Spain sailed west Later England, France, and the Netherlands became involved

Causes Push Factors - end of Middle Ages (new strength gained through the defeat of the Moors in Spain (1492), adoption of new inventions like the compass, astrolabe, lateen sail)

Causes Fall of Constantinople and the loss of it as a center of trade. Renaissance  curiosity about other lands and peoples. Reformation  refugees & missionaries. Monarchs seeking new sources of revenue. Technological advances. Fame and fortune.

Causes Fall of Constantinople and the loss of it as a center of trade. Renaissance  curiosity about other lands and peoples. Reformation  refugees & missionaries. Monarchs seeking new sources of revenue. Technological advances. Fame and fortune.

Causes continued Pull Factors - search for all water trade route from Europe to Asia; the concept of “Glory, God & Gold” (competition between nations, spread of Christianity, wealth) Period 7 only got to this slide.

Consequences Meeting of two “old worlds” - Europe and the Americas This became known as the Columbian Exchange

Consequences Spain & Portugal signed the Treaty of Tordesillas which set the line of demarcation at 50 degrees west (East of the line was controlled by Portugal; west of the line controlled by Spain)

Line of Demarcation

Consequences Conquistadores explored/exploited land and native population: 1. Cortes = Aztecs 2. Pizzarro = Incas 3. Encomiendas = New social class structure

Cortez = Aztecs

Pizzarro = Incas

Encomiendas = New social class structure

Ferdinand Magellan