INSECT THORAX.

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Presentation transcript:

INSECT THORAX

Insect Thorax - 3 segmented Posterior Anterior Prothorax Mesothorax Metathorax Pterothorax

Insect Thorax scutellum scutum tergum epimeron trochantin episternum notum Insect Thorax pleuron scutellum scutum sternum tergum epimeron trochantin episternum sternellum basisternum

notum Insect Thorax pleuron sternum

Internal support in thorax pleural ridge pleural apophysis sternopleural muscle sternal apophysis furca Furca Pleural/sternal apophysis Apodemes

Thoracic Appendages - Legs femur tibia tarsus trochanter pretarsus coxa tarsomeres

Insect Leg - Articulation monocondylic leg

Insect Leg - Articulation monocondylic trochantin leg leg

Insect Leg - Articulation monocondylic trochantin dicondylic leg leg leg Decreasing mobility Increasing strength

Thoracic Appendages - Legs Modifications Digging (Fossorial) Mole cricket (Orthoptera:Gryllotalpidae)

Thoracic Appendages - Legs Modifications Saltatorial (jumping) Migratory locust (Orthoptera: Locustidae)

Thoracic Appendages - Legs Modifications Natorial (swimming) Predaceous diving beetle (Coleoptera:Dytiscidae)

Thoracic Appendages - Legs Modifications Pneustonic (water surface) Whirlig beetle (Coleoptera: Gyrinidae)

Thoracic Appendages - Legs Modifications Apposition (grasping)

Thoracic Appendages - Legs Modifications Cursorial (running) Tiger beetle (Coleoptera: Cicindellidae)

Thoracic Appendages - Legs Modifications Suction (mating pads) Predaceous diving beetle (Coleoptera:Dytiscidae)

Thoracic Appendages - Wings Development 1. cuticle haemocoel Evagination of body wall trachea nerve 2. cuticle blood(hemolymph) epidermis vein

The Insect Wing costa subcosta radius jugal medial anal cubitus R MA CuA A C RS MP CuP J Sc

The Insect Wing Wing modifications Dragonfly (Odonata) -archedictyon

Evolutionary Trends 1. Reduce number of cross veins = loss of weight 2. Fuse or lose longitudinal veins 3. Less sclerotization 4. Reduce fluting except on anterior

The Insect Wing Wing folding

The Insect Wing Wing folding Melolontha

Wing Coupling Paleoptera

Wing Coupling frenulum retinaculum Frenate (Lepidoptera) male female

Wing Coupling Hamuli (hooks) Hamate (Hymenoptera)

Wing Coupling Jugate (Lepidoptera)

Wing Coupling Overlap (Lepidoptera)

The Insect Wing Wing modifications elytra Elytra (Several Orders)

The Insect Wing Wing modifications Hemelytra (True Bugs - Hemiptera)

The Insect Wing Wing modifications Halteres

Next time INSECT FLIGHT