European Feudalism.

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Presentation transcript:

European Feudalism

What lead to FEUDALISM? URBAN people move to RURAL areas Germanic invaders raided the western half of the Roman Empire 1. Constant fighting 2. Disruptions in trade Cities no longer economic centers 3. Downfall of cities Governments collapsed Nobles retreat to rural areas URBAN people move to RURAL areas

breakup of unified empire consequences of population shift to rural areas literacy declined loss of common language Germanic invaders mixed with the Romans only way to be educated was through Catholic Church different languages evolved from Latin French Spanish breakup of unified empire kings couldn’t defend lands people loyal to local leaders with armies

Lord- the landowner, he gave permission for people to use his land REMEMBER: the feudal system was based on rights and obligations Fief- granted land Lord- the landowner, he gave permission for people to use his land Vassal- the person using the land Manor- the lord’s estate

King Nobles & Church Officials Knights Peasants Serfs

King The land legally belonged to the king

Noble Nobles granted use of land if they Powerful vassal Wealthy Swore loyalty to king Gave military services to king Powerful vassal Wealthy Controlled Knights

Church Official Powerful vassal Church was the bond among the divided social classes Peasant families paid a tax of one-tenth of their income (tithe) to the church This is on your test

Knight Nobles were always fighting each other Needed skilled warriors to defend land Pledged to defend land in exchanged for fiefs Wealth from land allowed them to devote lives to war Started training at age 7

Peasant Worked land Cared for animals Maintained Estate Owed lord Several workdays a week Portion of grain produced Paid high taxes to live on land Most traveled no more than 25 miles from where they were born

Serf People who couldn’t leave the place they were born Not slaves Couldn’t be bought or sold - all labor produced belonged to lord Lord provided Housing Farmland Protection from bandits Created everything the lord needed Most children didn’t survive till adulthood Serf

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